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Study investigated whether resting and stimulus-evoked electroencephalography (EEG) methods detect the presence of language function in patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Four EEG measures were assessed: (1) resting background (applying Forgacsâ?? criteria), (2) reactivity to speech, (3) background and reactivity (applying Synekâ??s criteria), and (4) an automated support ...

Study examined the effects of a stimulant drug, dextroamphetamine (DEX) on recovery from traumatic brain injury (TBI). In a randomized controlled pilot trial, ten milligrams of DEX or a placebo (sugar pill) was administered daily for 3 weeks to 32 participants with moderate to severe TBI, engaged in inpatient rehabilitation, ...

Study determined the long-term effects of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) on disability after moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) and compared hospital resource utilization metrics between moderate-to-severe TBI survivors with and without HAP. The National Trauma Databank (NTDB) and TBI Model Systems (TBI-MS) were merged to derive a cohort of 3,717 adults ...

Study assessed the efficacy of the Diabetes Prevention Program Group Lifestyle Balance for TBI (GLB-TBI) weight-loss intervention compared to an attention control for primary (weight-loss) and secondary health outcomes; of individuals after traumatic brain injury (TBI). The study also examined participant compliance with the GLBTBI and investigated whether compliance is ...

Study examined the effectiveness of a psychoeducational and skill-building intervention for individuals after traumatic brain injury (TBI), using a two-arm, parallel, randomized, controlled trial with wait-listed control. One hundred sixty patients with TBI were randomly assigned to the Resilience and Adjustment Intervention (RAI) group or the wait-list control (WLC) group. ...

Article addresses the longstanding debate around allocation of resources to people with disorders of consciousness (DoC) caused by acquired brain injury. The authors endorse the prospective benefit proposal and provide corroborative empirical evidence in support of this approach by comparing data on early withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment with recent findings ...

Study identified the demographic, injury, and rehabilitation characteristics that predict employment probability trajectories among Hispanics during the first 10 years after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Data were obtained from 1,346 Hispanic individuals enrolled in the multi-site, longitudinal TBI Model Systems database. Hierarchical linear modeling was used to examine baseline predictors ...

Study characterized employment stability over the first 5 years after injury and identified predictors of employment stability in working-age individuals after moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) that may be clinically addressed. The study included 5,683 individuals enrolled in the Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems National Database since 2001, aged 18-59, ...

Study evaluated the efficacy of a novel intervention aimed at enhancing self-advocacy in individuals living with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Sixty-seven community-dwelling adults, 9 months or more post-TBI, were randomized to (1) a manualized group intervention, Self-Advocacy for Independent Life, addressing the self-efficacy beliefs, knowledge, and skills for self-advocacy ...

Article identifies ethical questions facing clinicians and researchers working with individuals living with persistent traumatic brain injury (TBI)-related deficits. A growing number of individuals are living with chronic TBI. As these individuals and their families attempt to reintegrate into their communities, several ethical questions arise for clinicians and researchers. These ...

Study investigated the relationships among substance misuse, depression, employment, and suicidal ideation (SI) following moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Participants were 1,377 individuals with moderate-to-severe TBI enrolled in both the National Trauma Data Bank and the Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems National Database, aged 18 to 59 years, with SI ...

Study compared the psychometric properties of 3 widely used measures of depression in a sample of individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and major depressive disorder and explored modifications to the scales to maximize their efficiency. The scales were: (1) the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), (2) the Symptom Checklist-20 (SCL-20), ...

Study examined the effectiveness of the Therapeutic Couples Intervention (TCI), designed to improve relationship quality for couples after acquired brain injury. Composed of 5 to 6 two-hour sessions, the TCI is a manualized, treatment program designed to enhance relationship quality by addressing issues and concerns most often identified by persons ...

Study identified correlates of life satisfaction at 10 years after moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) using an extreme phenotyping approach. Effect sizes were calculated to estimate relationships of 10-year postinjury extremely high, extremely low, and moderate life satisfaction with (1) pre-injury demographics, injury-related factors, and functional characteristics at inpatient rehabilitation ...

Study identified the factors associated with the remission of insomnia by examining a sample of individuals who had insomnia within the first two years after traumatic brain injury (TBI) and assessing their status at a secondary time point. Data were collected from individuals enrolled in TBI Model Systems National Database ...

Study examined the needs of family members in an inpatient rehabilitation setting and identified factors predicting the extent to which needs are perceived as met. Eighty-five adult survivors of traumatic brain injury and family members completed the Family Needs Questionnaire-Revised (FNQ-R). Needs related to the Health Information subscale were most ...

Study evaluated the feasibility of mobile health (mHealth) apps for enhancing participation of people with chronic traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the Group Lifestyle Balance (GLB-TBI) weight loss intervention and the Brain Health Group (BHG-TBI) active control intervention. The GLB-TBI is a 12-month group- and community-based program to promote healthy ...

Study examined differences in demographics, medical characteristics, and outcomes of patients with traumatic brain injury by inpatient rehabilitation facility (IRF) profit status. Data for 53,630 individual discharges from 877 distinct rehabilitation facilities for calendar years 2016 through 2018 were obtained from the Uniform Data System for Medical Rehabilitation. Patient demographic ...