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Study examined a resource provision program for individuals living with moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), using a comparison of the resources provided across social differences of language, nativity, and neighborhood. The Rusk Rehabilitation TBI Model System (RRTBIMS) collects data longitudinally on individuals from their associated private and public hospitals, located ...

Study assessed the factor structure of the Traumatic Brain Injury-Quality of Life (TBI-QOL) measurement system. Twenty TBI-QOL item banks were administered to a sample of 504 community-dwelling adults with TBI as part of a study of TBI classification. A subsample of 200 participants was randomly selected for exploratory factor analyses, ...

Study examined the convergent validity of the Brief Test of Adult Cognition by Telephone (BTACT) by determining correlation with established neuropsychological tests, administered an average of 4.4 days apart, in an inpatient traumatic brain injury (TBI) population. Fifty-five patients receiving inpatient rehabilitation for new-onset TBI completed the following measures: BTACT, ...

Study examined the cost benefit of 4 different approaches to screening for sleep apnea from the payor’s perspective in people with moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) receiving inpatient rehabilitation. The first approach evaluates the initial use of portable diagnostic testing prior to laboratory-quality assessment for all those who test negative. ...

Article briefly reviews a study in which researchers performed task-based electroencephalography (EEG) in patients with disorders of consciousness in the intensive care unit and found that covert consciousness detected by EEG is associated with better long-term outcomes. The diagnostic and prognostic uncertainty raised by these findings lead to pressing ethical ...

Study compared the long-term functional and quality of life outcomes after craniectomy (CE), bone removal with later reimplantation, versus craniotomy (CO), bone removal and replacement in the same surgery, in individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Information on 1470 individuals with TBI, who had undergone CE or CO and were ...

Study investigated whether default mode network (DMN) properties in patients with covert consciousness are more similar to those in patients with overt consciousness than to patients with coma, vegetative state (VS), or minimally conscious state without language function (MCS-). Sixteen patients with acute severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) admitted to ...

Study examined the predictive ability of depression when considering long-term employment outcomes for individuals with moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) after controlling for key preinjury and injury-related variables. Data were obtained from individuals between 18 and 60 years old with moderate-to-severe TBI enrolled in the TBI Model Systems database. The ...

Study investigated depression at 12 months after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in older adults compared with younger adults. The sample for analysis was drawn from participants in the Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury (TRACK-TBI) study. Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) data were analyzed for 1,505 patients with ...

Study examined the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation in people with chronic traumatic brain injury (TBI) assessed before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Data were collected through the TBI Model Systems (TBIMS) network from 7009 adults eligible for follow-up and completed mental health questionnaires pre-pandemic ...

Study examined the utility of eye-tracking on a clinical performance validity test (PVT) in distinguishing adults with verified traumatic brain injury (TBI) from adults coached to feign cognitive impairment. Research has established that ocular behaviors are reliable biomarkers of (un)conscious cognitive processes, and they have distinguished deceptive from honest responding ...

Study developed and tested an item response theory (IRT)-based patient-reported outcome measure of functional communication for adults with traumatic brain injury (TBI) as part of the Traumatic Brain Injury-Quality of Life (TBI-QOL) measurement system. The TBI-QOL Communication Item Bank, version 1.0. was developed using data collected at five TBI Model ...

Study developed a scale that can be used to measure the intensity of nociception in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) who are unable to provide subjective pain reports. Assessment of nociception aids diagnosis and helps balance reduction in suffering with avoidance of sedating medications. Existing assessment methods confound patients' ...

Study investigated the relationship between Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) total scores and level of consciousness in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). The GCS total score aims to reflect severity of injury, with scores of 3–8 indicating a severe injury, 9–12 a moderate injury, and 13–15 a mild injury. A ...

Study investigated whether ascending arousal network (AAn) connectivity is reduced in patients presenting with traumatic coma. The AAn is a collection of subcortical pathways that connect the rostral brainstem tegmentum to the hypothalamus, thalamus, and basal forebrain. High-angular-resolution diffusion imaging was performed in 16 patients with acute severe traumatic brain ...

Study investigated the effects of state-level resources and supports as an environmental factor influencing long-term outcomes from traumatic brain injury (TBI) using data from the TBI Model Systems. The primary hypothesis was that community participation, global functioning, and life satisfaction will be higher on average among people with TBI living ...

Article utilizes a framework derived from the toxicology literature to determine whether a causal relationship exists between pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) and subsequent alcohol abuse. A potential causal relationship would only be likely if there is both strong epidemiological evidence for the relationship and a plausible biological relationship. In ...

Study compared recovery experienced during inpatient rehabilitation among individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) based on whether their acute care included the Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment for Alcohol (CIWA) protocol. The management protocol involves monitoring symptoms through serial administration of the CIWA scale and administration of medications. Participants included 234 ...