TBI Publications

Researchers describe changes in drinking behavior and alcohol-related problems from before traumatic brain injury (TBI) to 1 year after injury. Structured interviews were conducted to determine participants' quantity and frequency of alcohol consumption and their symptoms of alcohol problems. Results showed that while heavy drinking and alcohol-related problems decreased ...

Article reports on a study that demonstrates that men and women experience different cognitive, emotional, and vocational outcomes following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Study evaluated differences in injury severity, demographics, neuropsychological abilities, and vocational and financial outcomes for 78 people with TBI who received vocational rehabilitation. Limitations of the ...

Study reviewed the systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate among hospitalized patients with acquired brain injury who were treated with methlyphenidate, a psychostimulant. Comparison of vital signs before and after the introduction of the drug revealed no significant medication effect. ...

Article describes the diagnostic evaluation and medical course for a patient who sustained an accidental low-velocity penetrating head wound through the soft tissue of the temporal region. The lesion resulted in a deep intra-cerebral hemorrhage, after the initial assessment revealed no evidence of skull fracture, missile, or missile track. ...

Study compares demographics, injury characteristics, quantity and intensity or rehabilitation services provided, and outcome in minority versus nonminority patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Minorities were more likely to be young, single men, unemployed, and less well educated. Motor vehicle crashes were the major cause of injury for both ...

Describes the cross-validation of a model that examines the contribution of premorbid variables, injury severity, and functional skills, and cognitive ability to outcome 1 year after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Two sample populations were followed through acute rehabilitation to 1 year after TBI. The original sample included 107 patients ...

Article serves as an introduction to a series of articles that describe the underlying principles and the research initiatives of the Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems of Care (TBIMS) program. TBIMS, a program funded by the National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research (NIDRR), is a collaborative effort of ...

Characterizes outcomes after traumatic brain injury (TBI) based on the cause of the injury for a sample of subjects enrolled in Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems (TBIMS) project. Specifically, subjects were grouped according to whether the injury resulted from vehicular crashes, violence, falls, or other etiology. At rehabilitation discharge, ...

Study examined the relationship between the intensity of therapy services and functional outcome in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Patients from 3 medical centers participating in the Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems program received comprehensive medical care including speech, occupational, and physical therapies, and psychological services. Outcome measures ...

Article presents a study conducted to: (1) build an Internet-based virtual rehabilitation center (VRC) that provides rehabilitation, education, and support to individuals with traumatic brain injury; and (2) determine the relationships between the nature and severity of the participants' cognitive impairments and their ability to use the VRC. All ...

Article describes neuropsychologic functioning, emotional status, functional outcomes, and perceived quality of life in patients 3 to 5 years after moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). A battery of measures was used to collect data, including the Abbreviated Injury Scale, the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test, the Center ...

Study investigated whether clinician expertise and Functional Independence Measure (FIM) instrument rating difficulty contribute to clinician overconfidence in the assessment of patient functional status. Accurate assessment of functional status is crucial for proper case-mix group classification under Medicare's prospective payment system. Fifty medical rehabilitation professionals answered 60 true/false questions ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the incidence, risk factors, and outcome in patients with fecal incontinence after acute brain injury. DESIGN: A retrospective study of the incidence of and risk factors contributing to fecal incontinence, and outcomes at admission to and discharge from inpatient rehabilitation and at 1-year follow-up. SETTING: Medical ...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate distribution of levels of caregiver supervision at 1 year after traumatic brain injury, and to determine neuropsychologic predictors of supervision level. DESIGN: Prospective longitudinal design, concurrent measurement of neuropsychologic function and supervision level. SETTING: Seventeen Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems centers. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 563 ...