Etiology of traumatic brain injury: Characterization of differential outcomes up to 1 year postinjury

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Characterizes outcomes after traumatic brain injury (TBI) based on the cause of the injury for a sample of subjects enrolled in Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems (TBIMS) project. Specifically, subjects were grouped according to whether the injury resulted from vehicular crashes, violence, falls, or other etiology. At rehabilitation discharge, outcome measures included the Rancho Los Amigo Levels of Cognitive Functioning Scale. Both at discharge and at 1-year follow-up, primary residence, the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) instrument and the Disability Rating Scale scores were examined. Additional measures at 1 year postinjury included employment status, marital status, occurrence of seizures, and the Community Integration Questionnaire (CIQ) scores. At rehabilitation discharge, there were no functional differences between the 4 etiology groups. At 1-year follow-up, individuals with violence-related TBI had higher unemployment rates and lower CIQ scores; individuals in the vehicular crashes group reported the best functional and psychosocial outcomes.

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