TBI Publications

Article reviews the literature on pre- and post-injury substance use patterns, abuse risk factors, and dangers of post-injury use among individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI). The relationship between substance abuse and neurological, neurobehavioral, vocational, and life satisfaction outcomes is examined. Assessment is discussed in detail, including the importance ...

Study examines the potential impact of physical medicine and rehabilitation (PM&R) consultation on acute functional outcome, length of stay (LOS), and discharge disposition for patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Functional outcome was determined using a modified version of the Functional Independence Measure (FIM). Results showed that patients receiving ...

Study investigates the long-term follow-up costs of supported employment as well as the wage and employment characteristics of 59 individuals with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) who were placed in at least 1 supported employment position during the 14-year study period. Analyses were conducted to determine the ...

Article discusses the results from the initial evaluation of the psychometric properties of the Moss Attention Rating Scale, an instrument designed to assess attention-related behaviors in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Overall, the initial results support the feasibility of using the scale in inpatient TBI rehabilitation. Further research ...

Social support is an important determinant of adjustment following traumatic brain injury (TBI) sustained by a family member. The present study examined the extent to which social support moderates the influence of characteristics of the person with injury on caregiver subjective well-being. Sixty pairs of individuals who had sustained ...

Objective: To identify the frequency and manifestations of depression after traumatic brain injury (TBI) and the factors that contribute to developing this mood disorder. Design: A prospective, nationwide, multicenter study; 17 centers supplied data from medical records and patient responses on a standardized criterion instrument. Setting: Traumatic Brain Injury ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the incidence, risk factors, and outcome in patients with fecal incontinence after acute brain injury. DESIGN: A retrospective study of the incidence of and risk factors contributing to fecal incontinence, and outcomes at admission to and discharge from inpatient rehabilitation and at 1-year follow-up. SETTING: Medical ...

OBJECTIVE: To examine job stability moderating variables and develop a postinjury work stability prediction model. DESIGN: Multicenter analysis of individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) who returned for follow-up at 1, 2, and 3, or 4 years postinjury, were of working age (between 18 and 62 years of age ...

OBJECTIVE: To compare demographics, injury characteristics, therapy service and intensity, and outcome in minority versus nonminority patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). DESIGN: Retrospective analysis. SETTING: Twenty medical centers. PARTICIPANTS: Two thousand twenty patients (men, n=1,518; women, n=502; nonminority, n=1,168; minority, n=852) with TBI enrolled in the Traumatic Brain ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine concordance between patient and family report of neurobehavioral symptoms and problems across 6 domains of function and 3 levels of injury severity at 1 year after traumatic brain injury (TBI). DESIGN: Prospective longitudinal design with follow-up between 10 and 14 months postinjury. SETTING: Seventeen Traumatic Brain ...

Article describes some of the sources of systematic bias created by subjects lost to follow-up in long-term traumatic brain injury (TBI) outcome studies. Longitudinal data sets were used to compare characteristics for subjects lost and found for 1- and 2-year follow-ups. Three major risk categories identified included individuals with: ...

Article discusses findings from a study of the incidence, and risk factors, and outcomes of patients with fecal incontinence who were admitted to inpatient rehabilitation at a Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems (TBIMS) center. Relationships between fecal incontinence and demographic, injury severity, and functional outcome variables were examined using ...

Study investigated the level of agreement between patient and family ratings of cognitive, emotional, and behavioral functioning using the 70-item Neurobehavioral Functioning Inventory-Revised (NFI-R) at 1 year after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Twenty-three items on the NFI-R showed significant differences between patient and other ratings, usually with the patient ...

Study examines the contribution of demographic variables, injury severity, and functional status at 1 year postinjury to job stability and return to work for people with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Data were collected at 6 model systems rehabilitation centers on individuals with TBI who returned for follow-up at 1, ...

OBJECTIVE: To compare demographics, injury characteristics, therapy service and intensity, and outcome in minority versus nonminority patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). DESIGN: Retrospective analysis. SETTING: Twenty medical centers. PARTICIPANTS: Two thousand twenty patients (men, n=1,518; women, n=502; nonminority, n=1,168; minority, n=852) with TBI enrolled in the ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the incidence, risk factors, and outcome in patients with fecal incontinence after acute brain injury. DESIGN: A retrospective study of the incidence of and risk factors contributing to fecal incontinence, and outcomes at admission to and discharge from inpatient rehabilitation and at 1-year follow-up. SETTING: ...

Article serves as an introduction to a series of articles that describe the underlying principles and the research initiatives of the Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems of Care (TBIMS) program. TBIMS, a program funded by the National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research (NIDRR), is a collaborative effort of rehabilitation ...

Study examines the frequency and type of medical complications and comorbid diseases in patients with penetrating versus blunt violence-related traumatic brain injury (TBI). Analysis of data collected indicated that patients with penetrating injuries had significantly higher rates of respiratory failure, pneumonia, skull fracture, cerebrospinal fluid leak, and hypotonia than ...

Study examined the impact of a community-based behavior management program for people with traumatic brain injury and their caregivers on ratings of caregivers' stress and burden. The program includes educational and interventional modules; researchers compared the effect of the educational module alone versus education plus interventional behavior management training ...