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Presents an overview of diffuse axonal injury (DAI), the predominant mechanism in most cases of traumatic brain injury (TBI), through a review of textbooks, scientific presentations, and current ongoing research. Concepts discussed by the authors were developed from a combination of basic science concepts of cellular injury to the ...

Describes a factor analysis with principal components extraction and varimax rotation performed on 19 California Verbal Learning Test age-uncorrected scores from a sample of 75 patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) caused by moderate and severe closed head injuries. A 6-factor solution was obtained that accounted for 80% of ...

Reports the results of a study in which 20 patients with claimed mild head injury who were seeking financial compensation obtained significantly lower scores on both subtests of the Recognition Memory Test than did 66 rehabilitation inpatients with documented moderate and severe traumatic brain injuries (TBI). Replicates an earlier ...

Reports the results of a study in which a neuropsychological test battery was administered to 23 subjects with traumatic brain injury (TBI) who were participating in the National Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems study. Trails B and Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test scores obtained during initial inpatient rehabilitation correlated ...

Article discusses the impact of neuropsychological problems (cognitive and behavioral deficits) on the use of constraint-induced movement therapy (CI therapy) in people with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Authors discuss their experiences with the use of CI therapy to promote upper extremity recovery in 29 patients with TBI. They examined ...

Study examined the impact of acute and sub-acute care medications on cognitive and motor recovery outcomes during inpatient rehabilitation after traumatic brain injury. Data was abstracted from the medical records of 182 patients regarding the presence of 11 categories of medication, 3 measures of injury severity, and 3 measures ...

Examines potential underlying mechanisms and common intervention strategies for management of agitation after brain injury. Discusses probable pathophysiologic mechanisms of posttraumatic agitation and reviews common behavioral and pharmacologic methods of treatment. This document is included in NCDDR's Guide to Traumatic Brain Injury Resources Produced by NIDRR Grantees, number C.46. ...

Examines the relationship between the Neurobehavioral Cognitive Status examination (Cognistat) and established neuropsychological measures of related constructs in a traumatic brain injury (TBI) sample. Evaluates Cognistat performance in assessing orientation, attention, language, memory, calculation, construction, and reasoning. ...

Study examined the incidence and course of acute confusion or delirium in patients with traumatic brain injury in an acute neurorehabilitation setting. Eighty-five patients were evaluated using measures of motor restlessness (Agitated Behavior Scale), cognition (Cognitive Test for Delirium), orientation (Galveston Orientation and Amnesia Test), and delirium (Delirium Rating ...

Reports the results of a study investigating the roles that depression and cognition play in the recovery of ambulation and the performance of activities of daily living (ADL) in geriatric patients undergoing physical rehabilitation. Subjects consisted of 423 medical rehabilitation inpatients between the ages of 60 and 99. Depression ...

Study to determine whether a lumbar support improves trunk repositioning error (RE), an aspect of proprioception, in persons with chronic low back pain (LBP). Ability to move the trunk to a predetermined target position was measured in 20 participants with LBP and 20 controls without LBP before and after ...

Study conducted to examine the utility, reliability, and validity of the Loss Inventory (LI), which was designed to measure symptoms unique to grief following the onset of disability. A prospective survey was conducted in which two self-report measures, the LI and the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale, were administered to ...

Study examined the relationship between performance on the useful field of view (UFOV) test and driving ability following traumatic brain injury (TBI). The UFOV consists of 3 progressively challenging subtests measuring visual processing speed, divided attention, and selective attention. Participants were administered the UFOV, the Trail Making Test (a ...

Article describes the evaluation of the Program Without Walls (PWW), a community-based approach for state rehabilitation counselors to provide vocational rehabilitation (VR) services to people with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Twenty-one consumers with TBI received person-centered, community-based services from a team of freelance consultants who were recruited, trained, and ...

Study evaluated the test-retest reliability of the Virtual Planning Test (VIP), an executive functioning test of planning and organization, in a group of healthy young adults as a precursor to determining the appropriateness of using the VIP to assess people with traumatic brain injury (TBI). The VIP and the ...

Study examined the relationship between clinicians' experience, training, and confidence with portable electronic memory devices and their use of those devices in traumatic brain injury (TBI) rehabilitation. Eighty-one TBI clinicians completed the survey distributed in person or by mail. Twenty-nine respondents (36 percent) reported using portable electronic memory devices ...

Study documents medical and rehabilitation service utilization during the first 3 months following discharge from inpatient rehabilitation for traumatic brain injury. Seventy-three subjects drawn from the Georgia Model Brain Injury System completed a survey that asked about service access and intensity of service use. Results indicated that subjects with ...

Study investigated to determine which components of the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) affect life satisfaction after traumatic brain injury. Multiple regression analysis indicated that demographic factors and the ICF components of body function and structure, activities, and participation significantly predicted life satisfaction ...