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Study examines the frequency and type of medical complications and comorbid diseases in patients with penetrating versus blunt violence-related traumatic brain injury (TBI). Analysis of data collected indicated that patients with penetrating injuries had significantly higher rates of respiratory failure, pneumonia, skull fracture, cerebrospinal fluid leak, and hypotonia than ...

Study discusses the Supervision Rating Scale (SRS), a brain injury outcome measure. The SRS measures a patient's required level of needed assistance. The study assessed the SRS's ability to identify functional outcome by rating 114 traumatically brain injured patients who had been referred for neuropsychological evaluation with the SRS, ...

Study compares multidimentional and unidimensional measures of functional outcome as a result of brain injury. Functional outcome can be defined on a number of parameters. This study looks at the unidemensional models of GOS and DRS and the multidimensional mode CHART, the Craig Handicap Assessment and Reporting Technique. Patients ...

Study examining whether early neuropsychological testing is useful in predicting long-term productivity outcome (competitive employment or engagement in full-time education) after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Fifteen neuropsychologic tests were administered before rehabilitation discharge to individuals with TBI who emerged from posttraumatic amnesia. Test scores were classified in the normal ...

Study to determine the role of agitation in the prediction of traumatic brain injury (TBI) rehabilitation outcomes. Participants were 340 consecutive patients admitted to an acute TBI rehabilitation unit. Outcomes examined included rehabilitation length of stay (LOS), discharge destination, Functional Independence Measure (FIM) at discharge, productivity at one-year follow-up, ...

Study examining the relative contributions of substance abuse history and violent etiology to the prediction of outcomes for individuals who sustained a traumatic brain injury (TBI) requiring inpatient rehabilitation. Participants were 351 individuals admitted consecutively to a specialized TBI rehabilitation unit. It was found that 80% of persons with ...

Researchers describe changes in drinking behavior and alcohol-related problems from before traumatic brain injury (TBI) to 1 year after injury. Structured interviews were conducted to determine participants' quantity and frequency of alcohol consumption and their symptoms of alcohol problems. Results showed that while heavy drinking and alcohol-related problems decreased ...

Article reports on a study that demonstrates that men and women experience different cognitive, emotional, and vocational outcomes following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Study evaluated differences in injury severity, demographics, neuropsychological abilities, and vocational and financial outcomes for 78 people with TBI who received vocational rehabilitation. Limitations of the ...

Presents a self-directed learning module for medical practitioners highlighting new advances in rehabilitation in joint and connective tissue diseases. Covers: differential features, diagnostic strategy, and rehabilitation management of hip, knee, foot, and shoulder pain; indications, contraindications, and postsurgical management for joint arthroplasty; management of gout and chondrocalcinosis; and rehabilitation ...

Article presents an analysis of long-term survival among a random sample of Americans who experienced traumatic brain injury (TBI). Both 30-day and long-term survival were analyzed for moderate-to-severe and mild TBI cases separately. Review of medical records identified 1,448 confirmed incident cases; 164 were moderate to severe and 1,284 ...

Discusses alcohol-related problems among older hospitalized patients and its impact on functional outcomes in rehabilitation. Reviews differences in diagnostic criteria for the elderly, causes of underdiagnosis, the pertinence of assessment issues in geriatric rehabilitation, and the implications for functional outcomes. ...

Article describes the development and content of Participation Objective, Participation Subjective (POPS), a new measure of community integration that incorporates both objective and subjective aspects of participation. Participation refers to engagement in activities that are either intrinsically social, part of household or other occupational role functioning, or recreational activities ...

Study reviewed the systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate among hospitalized patients with acquired brain injury who were treated with methlyphenidate, a psychostimulant. Comparison of vital signs before and after the introduction of the drug revealed no significant medication effect. ...

Article describes the diagnostic evaluation and medical course for a patient who sustained an accidental low-velocity penetrating head wound through the soft tissue of the temporal region. The lesion resulted in a deep intra-cerebral hemorrhage, after the initial assessment revealed no evidence of skull fracture, missile, or missile track. ...

Study compares demographics, injury characteristics, quantity and intensity or rehabilitation services provided, and outcome in minority versus nonminority patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Minorities were more likely to be young, single men, unemployed, and less well educated. Motor vehicle crashes were the major cause of injury for both ...

Describes the cross-validation of a model that examines the contribution of premorbid variables, injury severity, and functional skills, and cognitive ability to outcome 1 year after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Two sample populations were followed through acute rehabilitation to 1 year after TBI. The original sample included 107 patients ...

Article serves as an introduction to a series of articles that describe the underlying principles and the research initiatives of the Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems of Care (TBIMS) program. TBIMS, a program funded by the National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research (NIDRR), is a collaborative effort of ...