TBI Publications

Study evaluated the association among lifetime traumatic brain injury (TBI) exposure, opioid use, and pain in a nationally representative sample of 1,022 adults over age 50 who participated in the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). Lifetime TBI history was measured via the Ohio State University TBI Identification Method. Three alternate ...

Article describes an adaptive strategy for assigning wait times for participants randomized to the control group in waitlist control (WLC) trials. WLC clinical trials are popular among psychologists and rehabilitation specialists partly because all participants receive the intervention. In 2-arm WLC trials, individuals randomized to the treatment group receive immediate ...

Study examined the independent and interactive effects of aging and chronicity on functional outcomes after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Participants were 1,993 individuals who sustained a moderate/severe TBI and received acute inpatient rehabilitation at specialized centers with high follow-up as part of their involvement in the TBI Model Systems longitudinal ...

Study explored how acute cortisol profiles affect cognition among traumatic brain injury (TBI) survivors. It was hypothesized that serum and cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) cortisol trajectories over days 0–5 post-injury are associated with cognition 6-month post-injury. The study evaluated 94 participants with severe TBI, collected acute serum and/or CSF samples ...

Assessing the minimal clinical change that a patient would perceive as beneficial is impossible in unconscious and non-communicative patients. The authors propose a novel probability-based approach to developing a minimal clinically significant change for the two most commonly used scales in patients with disorders of consciousness: the Coma Recovery Scale ...

Objective: Describe driving patterns following moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Participants: Adults (N = 438) with TBI that required inpatient acute rehabilitation who had resumed driving. Design: Cross-sectional, observational design. Setting: Eight TBI Model System sites. Main measures: A driving survey was completed at phone follow-up. Results: Most respondents reported driving daily, although 41% ...

The Brief Multidimensional Measure of Religiousness/Spirituality (BMMRS) is regularly used to measure spirituality and religiosity in U.S. Christian populations, although it has not been used for making comparisons with non-Western groups. This study compared BMMRS results for 109 individuals (60 in the U.S. and 49 in India) with traumatic brain ...

Objective: The addition of Sequencing to WAIS-IV Digit Span (DS) brought about new Reliable Digit Span (RDS) indices and an Age-Corrected Scaled Score that includes Sequencing trials. Reports have indicated that these new performance validity tests (PVTs) are superior to the traditional RDS; however, comparisons in the context of known ...

Objective: Pupil dilation patterns are outside of conscious control and provide information regarding neuropsychological processes related to deception, cognitive effort, and familiarity. This study examined the incremental utility of pupillometry on the Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM) in classifying individuals with verified traumatic brain injury (TBI), individuals simulating TBI, and ...

Objective: To examine changes in functional memory, problem solving, comprehension, expression, and social communication over the first 2 years posttraumatic brain injury (TBI) and the ability of each to predict return to work (RTW) outcomes at 1 year and 5 years postinjury. Design: Secondary analysis of data from a multicenter longitudinal ...

Objective: To examine the stability of marriage from the time of traumatic brain injury (TBI) to 10 years postinjury. Design: Retrospective cohort. Setting: TBI Model Systems centers. Participants: In total, 1423 participants in the TBI Model Systems National Database who experienced TBI 10 years prior and were married at the time of injury. Interventions: ...

This study aims to characterize the patterns of functional change experienced between 5 and 10 years after moderate-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). The study included TBI Model Systems national database participants (N = 372) at six sites who experienced TBI, received inpatient rehabilitation, and were followed at 5 and 10 ...

Objective: Describe driving patterns following moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Participants: Adults (N = 438) with TBI that required inpatient acute rehabilitation who had resumed driving. Design: Cross-sectional, observational design. Setting: Eight TBI Model System sites. Main measures: A driving survey was completed at phone follow-up. Results: Most respondents reported driving daily, although 41% ...

Objective: To examine changes in functional memory, problem solving, comprehension, expression, and social communication over the first 2 years posttraumatic brain injury (TBI) and the ability of each to predict return to work (RTW) outcomes at 1 year and 5 years postinjury. Design: Secondary analysis of data from a multicenter longitudinal ...

Objective: To describe the association between unmet rehabilitation needs and life satisfaction 5 years after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Design: Prospective observational cohort. Setting: Five Veterans Affairs (VA) Polytrauma Rehabilitation Centers. Participants: VA TBI Model Systems participants (N=301); 95% male; 77% white; average age, 39±14y). Interventions: Not applicable. Main outcome measures: Satisfaction With Life Scale ...

Objective: To examine the relationship between primary language and participation outcomes in English- and Spanish-speaking persons with complicated mild to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) at 1 year post-injury. Setting: Community following discharge from inpatient rehabilitation. Participants: A total of 998 Hispanic participants with outcomes available at year 1 follow-up; 492 (49%) ...

Objective: Describe who returns to driving (RTD) after moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), when this occurs, who maintains that activity, and association with outcome. Design: Cross-sectional descriptive. Setting: Eight follow-up sites of the TBI Model System (TBI MS) program. Participants: 618 participants enrolled in the TBI MS and 88 caregivers. Intervention: None. Measurements: A survey ...

Importance: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) leads to 2.9 million visits to US emergency departments annually and frequently involves a disorder of consciousness (DOC). Early treatment, including withdrawal of life-sustaining therapies and rehabilitation, is often predicated on the assumed worse outcome of disrupted consciousness.Objective: To quantify the loss of consciousness, factors ...

Abstract Dopaminergic (DA) system function is frequently disrupted after traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, published interventions that target the DA system with the hope of enhancing functional outcomes are inconclusive, partially because of the lack of DA signaling biomarkers that can be used to select patients likely to benefit from DA-directed ...