TBI Publications

Article describes the content and development of an active control condition for an evidence-based intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) for weight-loss after traumatic brain injury (TBI) – the Group Lifestyle Balance intervention. Intervention studies should incorporate strong scientific designs and active control conditions to assess effectiveness and aid in replication. Despite ...

Growing evidence suggests that individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) may be uniquely susceptible to opioid misuse and the consequences of opioid use disorder (OUD). Multiple independent risk factors (e.g., high rates of chronic pain, pre- and post-injury substance misuse, injury-related neurobehavioral changes, overprescribing of opioids, and barriers in access ...

Study investigated the relationship between three language-dependent behaviors (command-following, intelligible verbalization, and intentional communication) and the functional status of patients with disorders of consciousness (DoC). It was hypothesized that patients in minimally conscious state (MCS) who retain behavioral evidence of preserved language function would have similar levels of functional disability, ...

Study examined the associations of specific physical and neuropsychiatric medical conditions with the trajectory of motor and cognitive functioning and life satisfaction over the first 10 years following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Participants were 404 individuals with TBI who were enrolled in the TBI Model System longitudinal study and had ...

Study examined the relationship between history of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and loneliness and identified mediators of that relationship. Data from the Health and Retirement Study were analyzed for a nationally representative sample of 724 adults over age 50 years. Loneliness was evaluated using the 11-item Revised University of California ...

Study examined the interrelationships between postinjury employment and substance abuse (SA) among individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Structural equation model (SEM) and logistic regression analyses used a merged data from the National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB) and the Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems (TBIMS) National Database. A total of ...

Article describes what people with disabilities need to know to participate in voting in the United States.

The objective of this study was to conduct a scoping review on classifications of mild stroke based on stroke severity assessments and/or clinical signs and symptoms. Electronic searches of PubMed, PsycINFO (Ovid), and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health (CINAHL–EBSCO) databases included keyword combinations of mild stroke, minor stroke, ...

This review summarizes early empirical findings that provide a context for integrating more recent clinical and research observations regarding impaired self-awareness (ISA) and denial of disability in post-acute traumatic brain injury (TBI). While several empirical studies have appeared on ISA after TBI over the last 20 years, the relative role ...

Study examined heterogeneity in the temporal patterns of depression and participation over the first 2 years after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Data were analyzed for 2,307 people with TBI enrolled in the TBI Model Systems database, who had follow-up conducted primarily by telephone at 1 year and 2 years post ...

Study identified the factors associated with the remission of insomnia by examining a sample of individuals who had insomnia within the first two years after traumatic brain injury (TBI) and assessing their status at a secondary time point. Data were collected from individuals enrolled in TBI Model Systems National Database ...

Study examined the effectiveness of the Therapeutic Couples Intervention (TCI), designed to improve relationship quality for couples after acquired brain injury. Composed of 5 to 6 two-hour sessions, the TCI is a manualized, treatment program designed to enhance relationship quality by addressing issues and concerns most often identified by persons ...

Study determined the long-term effects of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) on disability after moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) and compared hospital resource utilization metrics between moderate-to-severe TBI survivors with and without HAP. The National Trauma Databank (NTDB) and TBI Model Systems (TBI-MS) were merged to derive a cohort of 3,717 adults ...

Study investigated whether resting and stimulus-evoked electroencephalography (EEG) methods detect the presence of language function in patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Four EEG measures were assessed: (1) resting background (applying Forgacsâ?? criteria), (2) reactivity to speech, (3) background and reactivity (applying Synekâ??s criteria), and (4) an automated support ...

Study developed a scale that can be used to measure the intensity of nociception in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) who are unable to provide subjective pain reports. Assessment of nociception aids diagnosis and helps balance reduction in suffering with avoidance of sedating medications. Existing assessment methods confound patients' ...

Study examined the utility of eye-tracking on a clinical performance validity test (PVT) in distinguishing adults with verified traumatic brain injury (TBI) from adults coached to feign cognitive impairment. Research has established that ocular behaviors are reliable biomarkers of (un)conscious cognitive processes, and they have distinguished deceptive from honest responding ...

Study examined the cost benefit of 4 different approaches to screening for sleep apnea from the payor’s perspective in people with moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) receiving inpatient rehabilitation. The first approach evaluates the initial use of portable diagnostic testing prior to laboratory-quality assessment for all those who test negative. ...

Study assessed the factor structure of the Traumatic Brain Injury-Quality of Life (TBI-QOL) measurement system. Twenty TBI-QOL item banks were administered to a sample of 504 community-dwelling adults with TBI as part of a study of TBI classification. A subsample of 200 participants was randomly selected for exploratory factor analyses, ...

Study assessed the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity and comparative effectiveness of traditional sleep apnea screening tools in traumatic brain injury (TBI) neurorehabilitation admissions. Potential participants were enrolled in 6 TBI Model System Inpatient Rehabilitation Centers. Between May 2017 and February 2019, 449 of 896 screened were eligible for the trial ...

Study determined the degree of cognitive impairment, presence of clinical symptoms and functional disability at the time of emergence from the minimally conscious state (MCS) in patients with and without traumatic brain injury (TBI). Emergence from the MCS is associated with symptoms including disorientation, memory and attention impairment, restlessness, and ...