TBI Publications

Study explored how traumatic brain injury (TBI) is screened among patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) across the continuum of care. The medical records of 325 patients with SCI admitted to an inpatient rehabilitation facility (IRF) between March 1, 2011 and December 31, 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. Forty-nine eligible subjects ...

Study investigated whether race/ethnicity and other sociodemographic vulnerabilities impact the expediency of acute rehabilitation admission following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Data were obtained from 111 patients admitted for acute TBI rehabilitation at a large, urban TBI Model System hospital. Patient groups were defined by race/ethnicity (people of color versus white) ...

Article reviews the neuroanatomy of the eye movement network with an emphasis on functional neuroimaging applications. The human eye movement network is a complex system that requires the integration of sensory, motor, attentional, and executive processes. The authors consolidate the literature into a concise resource designed to be immediately accessible ...

Article identifies ethical questions facing clinicians and researchers working with individuals living with persistent traumatic brain injury (TBI)-related deficits. A growing number of individuals are living with chronic TBI. As these individuals and their families attempt to reintegrate into their communities, several ethical questions arise for clinicians and researchers. These ...

Study characterized employment stability over the first 5 years after injury and identified predictors of employment stability in working-age individuals after moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) that may be clinically addressed. The study included 5,683 individuals enrolled in the Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems National Database since 2001, aged 18-59, ...

Article utilizes a framework derived from the toxicology literature to determine whether a causal relationship exists between pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) and subsequent alcohol abuse. A potential causal relationship would only be likely if there is both strong epidemiological evidence for the relationship and a plausible biological relationship. In ...

Study investigated whether ascending arousal network (AAn) connectivity is reduced in patients presenting with traumatic coma. The AAn is a collection of subcortical pathways that connect the rostral brainstem tegmentum to the hypothalamus, thalamus, and basal forebrain. High-angular-resolution diffusion imaging was performed in 16 patients with acute severe traumatic brain ...

Study developed and tested an item response theory (IRT)-based patient-reported outcome measure of functional communication for adults with traumatic brain injury (TBI) as part of the Traumatic Brain Injury-Quality of Life (TBI-QOL) measurement system. The TBI-QOL Communication Item Bank, version 1.0. was developed using data collected at five TBI Model ...

Study examined the predictive ability of depression when considering long-term employment outcomes for individuals with moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) after controlling for key preinjury and injury-related variables. Data were obtained from individuals between 18 and 60 years old with moderate-to-severe TBI enrolled in the TBI Model Systems database. The ...

Study investigated whether default mode network (DMN) properties in patients with covert consciousness are more similar to those in patients with overt consciousness than to patients with coma, vegetative state (VS), or minimally conscious state without language function (MCS-). Sixteen patients with acute severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) admitted to ...

Article briefly reviews a study in which researchers performed task-based electroencephalography (EEG) in patients with disorders of consciousness in the intensive care unit and found that covert consciousness detected by EEG is associated with better long-term outcomes. The diagnostic and prognostic uncertainty raised by these findings lead to pressing ethical ...

Study assessed the relationship of acute complications, preexisting chronic diseases, and substance abuse with clinical and functional outcomes among older adults with moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Participants were 2,134 adults aged 50 years and older, with moderate-to-severe TBI, who were enrolled in the TBI Model Systems database. Data collected ...

Study determined the incidence and predictors of comorbid cerebrovascular injuries in patients with moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) and investigated whether it influences rehabilitation outcomes. Data on new traumatic cerebral artery injury (TCAI) lesions of head/neck and new cerebral infarcts (CIs) were abstracted from neuroimaging reports and clinical notes of ...

Study identified trends in demographics, particularly age, as well as medical characteristics of patients admitted to medical rehabilitation facilities after sustaining a traumatic brain injury (TBI). Data from the Uniform Data System for Medical Rehabilitation were analyzed for 233,843 patients admitted to 1,290 medical rehabilitation facilities after sustaining a TBI ...

Article describes the methods and rationale for a randomized controlled trial for depression or anxiety after moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), including the interventions, measures, and data analytic plan. The study will test 2 treatments based on behavioral activation (BA), a promising model to promote both positive mood ...

Study assessed associations among commonly used self-report and clinical measures of balance in chronic traumatic brain injury (TBI). Fifty-nine individuals (64 percent male, mean age 48.2 years) ambulating independently within the home participated in testing. Outcome measures included the Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC), a self-reported balance impairment); the Community ...

Article provides general information about the Traumatic Brain Injury-Quality of Life (TBI-QOL) measurement system and introduces a special journal issue focused on this topic. Specific details on the development and calibration of the TBI-QOL Fatigue, Headache, Cognition (General Concerns and Executive Functioning), Communication, and Physical Functioning (Mobility and Upper Extremity) ...

Study investigated the relationships between pre-existing migraines and acute (within 72 hours) symptoms and cognitive performance after a suspected concussion. From a total of 39,161 adolescent athletes who underwent baseline preseason testing, 633 were assessed within 3 days of a suspected concussion. Of these, 59 (9.3 percent) reported a history ...

Study investigated the effectiveness of a 5-session manualized intervention for addressing needs of caregivers of individuals in acute traumatic brain injury (TBI) rehabilitation. Ninety-three patients with moderate-to-severe TBI and their family members were enrolled in the study, with 42 randomized to the treatment group and 51 to the control group. ...

Purpose of the study: To investigate the association among global and regional white matter fractional anisotropy (FA) values following traumatic brain injury (TBI) and cognitive functioning. Materials and methods: This research was conducted in an urban rehabilitation hospital. Participants included adults who were healthy controls (n = 18) or who had ...