TBI Publications

Study compared vocational rehabilitation (VR) services and outcome differences between youth with disabilities who did and did not participate in a model transition intervention. The Maryland Seamless Transition Collaborative (MSTC), a transition service delivery model, featured research-supported components integrated into a single service model and was implemented across 11 ...

Article reviews the existing schema used to characterize the clinical characteristics of posttraumatic headache, including the International Classification of Headache Disorders. There remain unresolved questions about whether to classify patients based on the extent of brain injury or on clinical symptom profiles. There also remain problematic issues of definition such ...

Study determined the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) for a Rasch measure derived from the irritability and aggression subscales of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI), the Rasch NPI Irritability and Aggression Scale for Traumatic Brain Injury (NPI-TBI-IA). Distribution-based statistical methods were applied to retrospective data to determine candidates for the MCID. ...

Participation is often considered a primary goal of traumatic brain injury (TBI) rehabilitation, but little is known about the influence of driving on participation after TBI. The objective of this study was to examine the independent contribution of driving status to participation at 5 years post TBI, after controlling for ...

Despite limited evidence to support the use of amantadine to enhance cognitive function after traumatic brain injury (TBI), the clinical use for this purpose is highly prevalent and is often based on inferred belief systems. The aim of this study was to assess effect of amantadine on cognition among ...

Study identified the prevalence and predictors of tobacco smoking among veterans and military service members with traumatic brain injury (TBI) admitted for rehabilitation. Participants were drawn from the Veterans Affairs (VA) TBI Model Systems (TBIMS) multicenter longitudinal research study. Tobacco smoking was assessed both preinjury and at 1- or 2-year ...

For patients surviving serious traumatic brain injury (TBI), families and other stakeholders often desire information on long-term functional prognosis, but accurate and easy-to-use clinical tools are lacking. We aimed to build utilitarian decision trees from commonly collected clinical variables to predict Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) functional levels at 1, ...

Study aimed to develop a more precise measure of irritability and aggression after traumatic brain injury (TBI) from the perspectives of both the individual with TBI and an observer using all behavioral item ratings for the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) Irritability and Aggression subscales. Baseline NPI data were obtained from 3 ...

To evaluate (1) the trajectory of resilience during the first year after a moderate-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI); (2) factors associated with resilience at 3, 6, and 12 months postinjury; and (3) changing relationships over time between resilience and other factors.

To determine whether rehospitalization during the first 2 years after moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with poor participation at 5 years post-TBI, after controlling for demographic and severity factors.

Study examined the membership of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) in various “vulnerable group” clusters (e.g., homeless, unemployed, racial/ethnic minority) by using statistically robust clusters obtained from patient-level data obtained from inpatient visits. Data were obtained from 148 adult patients receiving acute TBI inpatient care. Demographic and psychosocial information, ...

Study examined the effectiveness of a psychoeducational and skill-building intervention for individuals after traumatic brain injury (TBI), using a two-arm, parallel, randomized, controlled trial with wait-listed control. One hundred sixty patients with TBI were randomly assigned to the Resilience and Adjustment Intervention (RAI) group or the wait-list control (WLC) group. ...

Study examined the effects of a stimulant drug, dextroamphetamine (DEX) on recovery from traumatic brain injury (TBI). In a randomized controlled pilot trial, ten milligrams of DEX or a placebo (sugar pill) was administered daily for 3 weeks to 32 participants with moderate to severe TBI, engaged in inpatient rehabilitation, ...

OBJECTIVE: To examine how health self-efficacy and cognitive impairment severity relate to functional independence after acquired brain injury (ABI). DESIGN: Observational. SETTING: Outpatient rehabilitation hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Seventy-five adults with predominately stroke or traumatic brain injury who were beginning a course of occupational therapy. MAIN MEASURES: Health self-efficacy was assessed ...

Article discusses recent research in the area of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and suicide, with emphasis on the important role of both mental health and rehabilitation clinicians addressing suicide risk among military veterans. The information provided highlights key and emerging findings regarding suicide and TBI, with the goal of encouraging ...

This article provides an update on the history and activities of the Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems Center (TBIMSC) research program since 2010 when a similar article was published. The TBIMSC program was established by the National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research in 1987, with the goal ...

Study compared the long-term functional and quality of life outcomes after craniectomy (CE), bone removal with later reimplantation, versus craniotomy (CO), bone removal and replacement in the same surgery, in individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Information on 1470 individuals with TBI, who had undergone CE or CO and were ...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) often results in cognitive impairment, and trajectories of cognitive functioning can vary tremendously over time across survivors. Traditional approaches to measuring cognitive performance require face-to-face administration of a battery of objective neuropsychological tests, which can be time- and labor-intensive. There are numerous clinical and research ...

Study investigated whether antispasmodic medications are associated with neurological and functional outcomes during the first year after traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI). A retrospective analysis was conducted of data collected prospectively from six inpatient SCI rehabilitation centers. Baseline-adjusted outcomes at discharge and one-year follow-up were compared using analysis of ...