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OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the present study was to determine the predictors of continuous marital stability over 2 years post-injury and examine the moderating effects of ethnicity. DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: Longitudinal dataset of the TBI Model Systems National Database. PARTICIPANTS: Nine hundred and seventy-seven individuals with primarily moderate-to-severe ...

OBJECTIVES: (1) to determine differences between minorities vs. non-minorities on demographic, injury and rehabilitation characteristics and functional outcomes at admission, discharge and 1-year post-injury and (2) to examine differences in functional outcome at 1-year post-injury among (African-Americans, Hispanics and Whites). DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: Longitudinal data were extracted from ...

Balance dysfunction is commonly observed following traumatic brain injury. There are many proposed predictors of functional outcome in the traumatic brain injury population. It was hypothesized that the degree of balance dysfunction on admission to rehabilitation would be a significant predictor of the need for assistance at discharge, as ...

Objective: To assess the interrelations of neuropsychological tests and rating scales with in vivo behavioral observation of impulsive behavior, accounting for the mode of expression (verbal or motor). Design: Cross-sectional, correlational. Setting: An urban, inpatient rehabilitation facility in the Midwestern United States. Participants: Forty patients who were hospitalized in ...

OBJECTIVE: To examine resumption of driving after traumatic brain injury (TBI) and its relation to community integration. DESIGN: Cross-sectional cohort study; survey and cognitive data. SETTINGS: Inpatient rehabilitation hospital of the Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems and community. PARTICIPANTS: Persons (N=261) ranging from 3 months to 15 years postinjury. ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the psychometric properties of the Brief Symptom Inventory-18 (BSI-18) among persons with traumatic brain injury (TBI). DESIGN: Inception cohort design with cross-sectional follow-up of 6 months to 15 years. SETTING: Rehabilitation hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Adults (N=257) with moderate to severe TBI (81 inpatients and 176 follow-up participants, ...

Objective: Examined the role of circadian preference on facial emotion recognition among rehabilitation inpatients. Design: 47 patients with stroke and 24 patients with orthopedic diagnoses were screened for circadian preference and assessed at preferred and nonpreferred times of day on a computerized task of facial emotion recognition. Results: Disproportionate ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the extent to which neuropsychologic and functional outcome after complicated mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) parallels that of moderate TBI recovery. DESIGN: A longitudinal study comparing neuropsychologic and functional status of persons with complicated mild TBI and moderate TBI at discharge from inpatient rehabilitation and at ...

Patterns of recovery from traumatic brain injury (TBI) vary greatly across individuals. Using archival data from the Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems, recovery of memory following TBI as measured by scores on the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) through 5 years postinjury was examined via mixed-effects modeling. Individual-level ...

The RBANS has become increasingly utilized in various populations since it reliably assesses individual neurocognitive domains in a rapid, efficient manner. The present study examined the convergent validity of the RBANS to frequently administered instruments in a moderate-severe traumatic brain injured (M-S TBI) sample. Fifty-seven individuals who sustained a ...

The present study aimed to develop an internal validity indicator for a brief general purpose screening battery, the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS). Two subtests of the RBANS were predicted to be relatively resilient to cognitive dysfunction on the basis of previous research. An Effort ...

The present study explores the construct and ecological validity of the Biber Cognitive Estimation Test (BCET) in a traumatic brain injury (TBI) sample. Participants completed the BCET in the course of a neuropsychological evaluation at 1-15 years after injury. BCET scores correlated moderately with other standard measures of executive ...

Objective: To investigate incidence and etiology of rehospitalizations at 1,2, and 3 years after traumatic brain injury. Design: Descriptive statistics were computed in a prospective study of etiology and incidence of rehospitalization at years 1, 2, and 3 postinjury. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and x2 were used to identify ...

Objective: To examine the utility of executive function tests in predicting rehabilitation outcome. Design: A prospective, descriptive study of the value of neuropsychologic and motor functioning measures in the prediction of functional outcome 6 months after acute rehabilitation. Setting: A Midwestern, urban, university-affiliated rehabilitation hospital. Patients: Ninety consecutive admissions ...

The JFK Coma Recovery Scale (CRS) was developed to help characterise and monitor patients functioning at Rancho Levels I-IV and has been used widely in both clinical and research settings within the US and Europe. The CRS was recently revised to address a number of concerns emanating from our ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the measurement properties and diagnostic utility of the JFK Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R). DESIGN: Analysis of interrater and test-retest reliability, internal consistency, concurrent validity, and diagnostic accuracy. SETTING: Acute inpatient brain injury rehabilitation hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Convenience sample of 80 patients with severe acquired brain injury admitted ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: We discuss the problems of evidence-based neurorehabilitation in disorders of consciousness, and recent functional neuroimaging data obtained in the vegetative state and minimally conscious state. RECENT FINDINGS: Published data are insufficient to make recommendations for or against any of the neurorehabilitative treatments in vegetative state and ...

OBJECTIVE: To describe the theoretic framework, design, and potential clinical applications of functional neuroimaging protocols in patients with disorders of consciousness. DATA SOURCES: Recent published literature and authors' own work. STUDY SELECTION: Studies using functional neuroimaging techniques to investigate cognitive processing in patients diagnosed with vegetative and minimally conscious ...