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Objective: Examine longitudinal changes in attribution of blame to self and others, and concern over cause of injury, in both intentional (violence-related) and unintentional (accidental) traumatic brain injury (TBI); investigate the relation of these factors to subjective well-being outcomes at 1 year post-TBI. Study Design: Prospective, multicenter, observational study ...

Perception of caregiving after traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been shown to be an important part of both survivor and family adjustment. The roles of coping style, family functioning, perceived social support and the TBI survivor’s functional status have not been fully examined with respect to appraisal of caregiving. ...

Objective: To investigate causes of death in individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Utilized data from the TBI Model Systems National Database, the Social Security Death Index, death certificates, and the US population age-race-gender-cause– specific mortality rates for 1994. Patients: Two thousand one hundred ...

Objective: To study cognitive, communication, and social changes experienced by individuals between 1 and 5 years after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Design: Prospective cohort. Setting and Participants: TBI Model System Database with 927 eligible subjects using a cohort with complete 1- and 5-year data (N = 292). Main Outcome ...

Objective: To determine whether severity alone accounts for differences observed between a population-based cohort of acute care hospitalizations for traumatic brain injury (TBI) and the Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems (TBIMS) national dataset. Design: Prospective cohort. Setting: Acute care hospitals in South Carolina and TBIMS rehabilitation centers. Participants: Subjects ...

This study examined the capacity of the Seashore Rhythm Test (SRT) and the Speech-Sounds Perception Test (SSPT) to detect insufficient effort in a clinical sample. Forty-six participants with financially compensable mild head injury who obtained scores indicative of insufficient effort on multiple measures were compared to 49 participants with ...

The current study evaluated the utility of the Digit Span subtest in discriminating patients with mild head trauma from individuals referred for independent neuropsychological evaluation with objective evidence of poor effort. Various indices from the Digit Span subtest were evaluated to determine the best discriminator of brain injury from ...

The current study examined specific aspects of usability of a newly developed VR driver rehabilitation (VR-DR) system. Measures of user feedback and user comfort were examined among 54 participants: 33 individuals with acquired brain injury (20 with traumatic brain injury and 13 with cerebral vascular accident) and 21 healthy ...

Conventional clinical neuroimaging is insensitive to axonal injury in traumatic brain injury (TBI). Immunocytochemical staining reveals changes to axonal morphology within hours, suggesting potential for diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) in early diagnosis and management of TBI. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) characterizes the three-dimensional (3D) distribution of water diffusion, which ...

The use of virtual environments with head-mounted displays (HMDs) offers unique assets to the evaluation and therapy of clinical populations. However, research examining the effects of this technology on clinical populations is sparse. Understanding how wearers interact with the HMD is vital. Discomfort leads to altered use of the ...

Objective: This study compared the accuracy of artificial neural networks to multiple regression and classification and regression trees in predicting outcomes of 1644 patients in the Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems database 1 year after injury. Methods: Data from rehabilitation admissionwere used to predict discharge scores on the Functional ...

It has been suggested that virtual reality may provide a medium for producing neuropsychological measures with greater ecological validity. The present study examined the usefulness of virtual reality (VR) to assess learning and memory in individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI). A total of 20 TBI participants were compared ...

OBJECTIVE: To examine rates of separation and divorce after traumatic brain injury and identify factors relating to risk of marital breakdown. PARTICIPANTS: 120 persons who sustained a mild, moderate, or severe traumatic brain injury and who were married at the time of injury. METHODS: Survivors were contacted between 30 ...

While many outcomes after traumatic brain injury (TBI) have been systematically investigated, the most basic of all outcomes--survival--has been neglected. The purpose of this study was to investigate mortality in a cohort of 2,178 individuals with TBI completing inpatient rehabilitation in one of 15 National Institute on Disability and ...

Objective: To determine the relationship of postconcussion symptoms (PCS) with functional outcome measures at 6 months postinjury and severity measures at the time of the injury in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Design: Inception cohort study. Setting: Initial setting was Trauma I hospitals with community as primary follow-up ...

The objective of the current study was to determine the relationship between race/ethnicity and caregivers' coping, appraisals of the caregiving role, and distress after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Participants were 195 caregivers (75% white; 25% black/Hispanic) of persons with TBI who were admitted to comprehensive inpatient rehabilitation at one ...

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of comprehensive, holistic neuropsychologic (NP) rehabilitation compared with standard, multidisciplinary rehabilitation for people with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Design: Randomized practical controlled trial. Setting: Postacute brain injury rehabilitation center within a suburban rehabilitation hospital. Participants: Participants with TBI were recruited from clinical referrals and ...

Objective: To describe frequency and magnitude of caregivers’ emotional distress and life satisfaction using standardized assessment procedures; compare distress levels among spouses, parents, and other caregivers; and identify risk factors. Design: Prospective collaborative cohort study. Setting: Six Traumatic Brain Injury Model System Centers providing neurotrauma care, rehabilitation, and outpatient ...