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Objective: To explore if and how individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) use social comparison during adjustment to disability. It was hypothesized that comparison activity may change with time since injury. Methods: Fifty-eight participants with TBI were surveyed within 1 or 6 months of discharge from inpatient rehabilitation. Group ...

Cross-sectional, correlational analyses of data from two separate studies were conducted to examine the correlates of adjustment among family caregivers of women with disabilities. Participants included 40 caregivers of women with spinal cord injuries in the first study and 53 caregivers of women with cerebral palsy, traumatic brain injury, ...

Objective: Evaluate the association between neuroendocrine findings and fatigue after traumatic brain injury (TBI) Research design: Prospective, observational. Methods and procedures: Sixty-four individuals at least 1 year post-TBI underwent neuroendocrine testing including thyroid, adrenal, gonadal axes and growth hormone (GH) after glucagon stimulation with assessment of fatigue using the ...

Innovations to control interfaces for electric powered wheelchairs (EPWs) could benefit 220 000 current users and over 125 000 individuals who desire mobility but cannot use a conventional motion sensing joystick (MSJ). We developed a digital isometric joystick (IJ) with sophisticated signal processing and two control functions. In a ...

The present study used the National Institute on Disability Rehabilitation and Research (NIDRR) funded Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems (TBIMS) database to examine the effect of gender on presentation of executive dysfunction following traumatic brain injury (TBI) and variables that might impact the course and degree of recovery. The Wisconsin ...

Racial and ethnic minorities have a disproportionately high rate of disability compared to white Americans, with African and Hispanic Americans overrepresented in all disability categories. Subsequently, the demand for quality employment and rehabilitation services for individuals with disabilities from minority racial or ethnic groups is increasing. In order to ...

Objectives: Because of underidentification and misidentification of children with brain injury (BI), there is a need for screening instruments that can identify schoolchildren who may have had a BI.1 The present study examined the Brain Injury Screening Questionnaire’s (BISQ’s) utility as a screening measure for BI in children. Hypotheses: ...

Implanted programmable pumps that infuse intrathecal baclofen (ITB) markedly enhance the ability of clinicians to manage severe spasticity in appropriately selected patients. Studies addressing the efficacy of this treatment modality have primarily used clinical outcome measures of impairment, particularly reduction in stiffness as measured by the Ashworth scale. Several ...

Abstract not available

The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid (CMS) issued a new national coverage determination (NCD) for mobility assistive equipment (MAE) including wheelchairs in May 2005. CMS then issued a Final Rule in April 2006 that outlined significant changes required for documentation for prescribing MAE. Other insurance providers have since adopted ...

Objective: To test the hypothesis that ineffective problem-solving abilities would be significantly predictive of risk for depression in caregivers of persons with traumatic brain injury (TBI) after controlling for caregiver burden, caregiver health and demographic characteristics. Design: Correlational and logistic regression analyses of cross-sectional data. Participants: 57 women and ...

Objectives: Compare two methods of improving retention in substance abuse treatment for persons with traumatic brain injury. Design: Randomized clinical trial with control group comparison. Interventions: Provision of a financial incentive and reduction of logistical barriers. Outcome measures: Treatment attendance, perceived therapeutic alliance, premature termination. Results: Provision of a ...

Objective: Compare white and African American caregivers of people with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) regarding caregiving patterns, emotional function and life satisfaction, and preferred supports. Design: Prospective, observational study; 1, 2, or 5 years post-TBI. Setting: Six TBI model systems. Participants: Two hundred fifty-six caregivers (195 white ...

Traumatic brain injury is an important public health problem in the United States, especially for individuals from racial and ethnic minorities. The first part of this article provides a synthesis of findings and discussions of cultural issues in the rehabilitation, medical, and psychological scientific literature highlighting the needs and ...

Abstract not available

Background: It is common for individuals with chronic disabilities to continue using the compensatory movement coordination due to entrenched habits, increased perception of task difficulty, or personality variables such as low self-efficacy or a fear of failure. Following our previous work using feedback distortion in a virtual rehabilitation environment ...

Background A 53-year-old male with a history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and factor V deficiency presented to an emergency room with progressively increasing headache, slurred speech, and left upper extremity weakness. Over the previous 3 months, he had been receiving warfarin for prophylaxis of deep venous thrombosis following knee ...

Objective: To examine the nature of agitation in patients with brain injury and quantify the relation between agitation and patient progress in rehabilitation. Design: Cross-sectional, correlational. Setting: Urban, inpatient rehabilitation facility in the midwestern United States. Participants: Sixty-nine patients with acquired brain injury admitted to an acute rehabilitation hospital. ...