Search

Article identifies ethical questions facing clinicians and researchers working with individuals living with persistent traumatic brain injury (TBI)-related deficits. A growing number of individuals are living with chronic TBI. As these individuals and their families attempt to reintegrate into their communities, several ethical questions arise for clinicians and researchers. These ...

Study evaluated the efficacy of a novel intervention aimed at enhancing self-advocacy in individuals living with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Sixty-seven community-dwelling adults, 9 months or more post-TBI, were randomized to (1) a manualized group intervention, Self-Advocacy for Independent Life, addressing the self-efficacy beliefs, knowledge, and skills for self-advocacy ...

Study characterized employment stability over the first 5 years after injury and identified predictors of employment stability in working-age individuals after moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) that may be clinically addressed. The study included 5,683 individuals enrolled in the Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems National Database since 2001, aged 18-59, ...

Study identified the demographic, injury, and rehabilitation characteristics that predict employment probability trajectories among Hispanics during the first 10 years after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Data were obtained from 1,346 Hispanic individuals enrolled in the multi-site, longitudinal TBI Model Systems database. Hierarchical linear modeling was used to examine baseline predictors ...

Article addresses the longstanding debate around allocation of resources to people with disorders of consciousness (DoC) caused by acquired brain injury. The authors endorse the prospective benefit proposal and provide corroborative empirical evidence in support of this approach by comparing data on early withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment with recent findings ...

Study examined the effectiveness of a psychoeducational and skill-building intervention for individuals after traumatic brain injury (TBI), using a two-arm, parallel, randomized, controlled trial with wait-listed control. One hundred sixty patients with TBI were randomly assigned to the Resilience and Adjustment Intervention (RAI) group or the wait-list control (WLC) group. ...

Study assessed the efficacy of the Diabetes Prevention Program Group Lifestyle Balance for TBI (GLB-TBI) weight-loss intervention compared to an attention control for primary (weight-loss) and secondary health outcomes; of individuals after traumatic brain injury (TBI). The study also examined participant compliance with the GLBTBI and investigated whether compliance is ...

Study determined the long-term effects of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) on disability after moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) and compared hospital resource utilization metrics between moderate-to-severe TBI survivors with and without HAP. The National Trauma Databank (NTDB) and TBI Model Systems (TBI-MS) were merged to derive a cohort of 3,717 adults ...

Study examined the effects of a stimulant drug, dextroamphetamine (DEX) on recovery from traumatic brain injury (TBI). In a randomized controlled pilot trial, ten milligrams of DEX or a placebo (sugar pill) was administered daily for 3 weeks to 32 participants with moderate to severe TBI, engaged in inpatient rehabilitation, ...

Study investigated whether resting and stimulus-evoked electroencephalography (EEG) methods detect the presence of language function in patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Four EEG measures were assessed: (1) resting background (applying Forgacsâ?? criteria), (2) reactivity to speech, (3) background and reactivity (applying Synekâ??s criteria), and (4) an automated support ...

Study compared recovery experienced during inpatient rehabilitation among individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) based on whether their acute care included the Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment for Alcohol (CIWA) protocol. The management protocol involves monitoring symptoms through serial administration of the CIWA scale and administration of medications. Participants included 234 ...

Article utilizes a framework derived from the toxicology literature to determine whether a causal relationship exists between pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) and subsequent alcohol abuse. A potential causal relationship would only be likely if there is both strong epidemiological evidence for the relationship and a plausible biological relationship. In ...

Study investigated the effects of state-level resources and supports as an environmental factor influencing long-term outcomes from traumatic brain injury (TBI) using data from the TBI Model Systems. The primary hypothesis was that community participation, global functioning, and life satisfaction will be higher on average among people with TBI living ...

Study investigated whether ascending arousal network (AAn) connectivity is reduced in patients presenting with traumatic coma. The AAn is a collection of subcortical pathways that connect the rostral brainstem tegmentum to the hypothalamus, thalamus, and basal forebrain. High-angular-resolution diffusion imaging was performed in 16 patients with acute severe traumatic brain ...

Study investigated the relationship between Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) total scores and level of consciousness in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). The GCS total score aims to reflect severity of injury, with scores of 3–8 indicating a severe injury, 9–12 a moderate injury, and 13–15 a mild injury. A ...

Study developed a scale that can be used to measure the intensity of nociception in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) who are unable to provide subjective pain reports. Assessment of nociception aids diagnosis and helps balance reduction in suffering with avoidance of sedating medications. Existing assessment methods confound patients' ...

Study developed and tested an item response theory (IRT)-based patient-reported outcome measure of functional communication for adults with traumatic brain injury (TBI) as part of the Traumatic Brain Injury-Quality of Life (TBI-QOL) measurement system. The TBI-QOL Communication Item Bank, version 1.0. was developed using data collected at five TBI Model ...

Study examined the utility of eye-tracking on a clinical performance validity test (PVT) in distinguishing adults with verified traumatic brain injury (TBI) from adults coached to feign cognitive impairment. Research has established that ocular behaviors are reliable biomarkers of (un)conscious cognitive processes, and they have distinguished deceptive from honest responding ...