TBI Publications

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a pathologically heterogeneous disease, including injury to both neuronal cell bodies and axonal processes. Global atrophy of both gray and white matter is common after TBI. This study was designed to determine the relationship between neuroimaging markers of acute diffuse axonal injury (DAI) and ...

There is relatively little research pertaining to neuropsychological assessment of Spanish-speaking individuals with intractable temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). The current study examined verbal and visual memory performances in 38 primarily Spanish-speaking patients with TLE (Right = 15, Left = 23) of similar epilepsy duration to determine if lateralizing differences ...

When examining visual memory test results one must be aware of other variables that impact performance, particularly in individuals with traumatic brain injury who have broad cognitive deficits. The present investigation sought to determine the extent to which executive functioning, as operationally defined as perceptual organization, planning, and mental ...

Objective: To examine the temporal relationship between self-reported injury-related functional limitations and depressive symptomatology after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Design: A longitudinal cohort study with 3 evaluation points. Setting: A level I trauma center. Participants: Adolescents and adults (N 135) with complicated mild to severe TBI (72% had complicated ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether caregivers' medical and psychiatric histories, coping style, and social support predict global distress and perceived burden. DESIGN: Correlational, cohort study. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 114 caregivers of persons with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury, assessed 1 year postinjury. MEASURES: Ratings of caregivers' medical and ...

Objective: Assess the prevalence of brain tissue hypoxia in patients with severe traumatic brain injuries (TBI), and to characterizethe relationship between brain tissue hypoxia and functional outcome. Design: Retrospective review of severe TBI patients.Setting: Intensive care unit of a level I trauma center.Patients: Twenty-seven patients with severe TBI requiring intracranial ...

Posttraumatic epilepsy is a common complication of traumatic brain injury (TBI), occurring in up to I5-20% of patients with severe brain trauma. Trauma accounts for approximately 5% of chronic epilepsy in the community. Because it is a common condition, and because of the relatively short latency period between injury ...

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effectiveness of an individualized problem-solving intervention provided to family caregivers of women living with severe disabilities. DESIGN: Family caregivers were randomly assigned to an education-only control group or a problem-solving training (PST) intervention group. Participants received monthly contacts for 1year. PARTICIPANTS: Family caregivers (64 women, ...

The purpose of the current study was to determine the contribution of race/ethnicity and income to community integration at approximately 6 months following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Participants were 151 persons with mild to severe TBI (38% Black; 38% Hispanic; 24% White) recruited from consecutive admissions to the Neurosurgery ...

Objective: To determine the influence of minority status on job stability after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Setting: TBI Model Systems Centers. Participants: 633 individuals (414 Caucasians vs. 219 Minorities) with primarily moderate to severe TBI hospitalized at one of the TBI Model Systems Centers between 1988 and 2001 with ...

ABSTRACT Background: Verbal learning and strategic processing deficits are common sequelae of traumatic brain injury (TBI); however, the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying such deficits remain poorly understood. Methods: We performed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in 25 individuals with chronic TBI (>1 year after injury) and 20 matched healthy controls. ...

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe frequency and magnitude of caregivers’ emotional distress and life satisfaction using standardized assessment procedures; compare distress levels among spouses, parents, and other caregivers; and identify risk factors. Design: Prospective collaborative cohort study. Setting: Six Traumatic Brain Injury Model System Centers providing neurotrauma care, rehabilitation, and ...

Attention deficits are one of the most profound problems facing the traumatic brain injured individual. The Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) inpatient population in the rehabilitation unit is difficult to study with new technology because it is often very difficult to render andevaluate such interventions in the short time span ...

Neuropsychological test interpretation has relied on pre- and postmorbid comparisons, as exemplifi ed by the use of demographically adjusted normative data. We argue that, when the assessment goal is to predict real-world functioning,this interpretive method should be supplemented by “absolute” scores. Such scores are derived from comparisons with the ...

Background: Guidelines for defining the minimally conscious state (MCS) specify behaviors that characterize emergence, including “reliable and consistent” functional communication (accurate yes/no responding). Guidelines were developed by consensus because of lack of empirical data. Objective: To evaluate the utility of the operational threshold for emergence from posttraumatic MCS, by ...

Primary objective: To evaluate the benefits of the Brain Injury Family Intervention (BIFI) for families of persons with acquired brain injury and identify factors related to outcomes. Research design: Pre-test, post-test design with outcomes measured immediately after and 3 months following intervention. Methods and procedures: Family members and survivors ...

Primary objectives: (1) To describe demographic and injury characteristics that are prominent among African Americans and Hispanics with TBI; (2) To determine if racial differences exist in regard to post-injury outcomes; (3) To highlight potential causes of racial/ethnic disparities in TBI rehabilitation and post-acute services; (4) To suggest recommendations ...

Primary objective: The current study examined whether cognitive rehabilitation delivered over the Internet was associated with improvements in functioning. Research design: A total of 14 individuals with medically documented traumatic brain injury completed this study. Participants completed 30 sessions of an active calendar acquisition intervention and 30 sessions of ...

Objective: To determine whether caregivers' medical and psychiatric histories, coping style, and social support predict global distress and perceived burden. Design: Correlational, cohort study. Participants: A total of 114 caregivers of persons with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury, assessed 1 year postinjury. Measures: Ratings of caregivers' medical and ...