TBI Publications

Study examined the relationship between markers of diffuse traumatic axonal injury (TAI) and volumes of cortical and subcortical structures, while also assessing the relationship between cognitive outcomes and regional brain volumes. High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging scans were performed in 24 patients with TAI within 1 week of injury and ...

Article provides an overview of findings on survey responses by individuals without cognitive deficits and reviews the lessons learned during the development of the Community Participation Indicators and the Participation Assessment with Recombined Tools instruments. Survey researchers have found that respondents proceed through 4 processes that draw heavily on ...

Article presents the outcome measures selected by the Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) Outcomes Workgroup. The workgroup was composed of physicians, psychologists, neuropsychologists, and others with expertise in TBI outcomes research. The purpose of the workgroup was to address primary clinical research objectives, including documentation of the natural course of ...

Study measured the type, amount, and location of vocational rehabilitation interventions provided to people with traumatic brain injury (TBI) after job placement. Treatment was measured prospectively for 6 months after job placement for 65 people with moderate to severe TBI treated at 5 TBI Model System centers. Centers were ...

Study used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to evaluate the feasibility of using a silent picture-naming task as a command-following paradigm to assess cognitive capacity in patients with disorders of consciousness (DOC) when conventional methods are not sufficient. A total of 10 patients with and without conventional evidence of ...

Study examined how participation in leisure activities for people with traumatic brain injury (TBI) changed from before injury to 1 year after injury. The Functional Status Examination (FSE) was administered to 160 rehabilitation inpatients with moderate to severe TBI at 1 year after injury. The FSE, an assessment tool ...

Study examined the ability of categories of post-traumatic amnesia (PTA) duration to predict 1-year outcomes after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Outcome measures included the Functional Independence Measure, the Supervision Rating Scale, the Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended, and employment status. Using the data from 5,250 subjects enrolled in the TBI Model ...

Study examined the level of agreement between participant (P) and significant other (SO) reports on societal participation in 3 objective domains (economic, community, and social activities) and subjective satisfaction with participation at 1 year after traumatic brain injury (TBI). The primary purpose of this study was to determine the ...

Article discusses the insider-outsider distinction in the context of people with disabilities. Insiders to disability are likely to have different subjective responses to life situations than do those who experience disability as onlookers. The importance of including the insider’s perspective is discussed with respect to assessing participation in terms ...

This article summarizes discussions and recommendations made by participants at the International Symposium on Measurement of Participation in Rehabilitation Research. Participants spent many hours over 2 days in small group breakout sessions and large group discussion identifying and describing conceptual and psychometric issues related to participation measurement. Breakout groups ...

Article reviews the many roles that cognitive rehabilitation plays in impacting the lives of people with traumatic brain injury (TBI). These roles include: restoration of function, compensation for impaired abilities, increase awareness, improve mood and regulate emotions, return to work, community integration, and prevention of self-injurious and antisocial behavior. ...

Article describes the development of a prediction rule for identifying patients at risk for extended rehabilitation length of stay (LOS) after traumatic brain injury (TBI) using demographic and injury characteristics. Extended rehabilitation LOS was defined as 67 days or longer. Data were obtained from 7,284 TBI survivors enrolled in ...

Employment outcomes of racial and ethnic minority groups with traumatic brain injury (TBI) have not been thoroughly examined in the research literature beyond five years. The objective of this study was to examine differences in employment outcomes 10 years after TBI among racial and ethnic minorities. Using a multi-center, ...

Study compared caregivers’ and patients’ helpfulness and goal attainment ratings of the Brain Injury Family Intervention (BIFI), and qualitatively evaluated their perceptions of the most important things learned. Seventy-six caregivers and 76 patients with acquired brain injury participated in the BIFI, a structured family intervention program which includes educational, ...

Study identified predictors of family caregiver life satisfaction at one and two years after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Participants were 336 family members caring for patients with TBI participating in the National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research (NIDRR) TBI Model Systems of Care (TBIMS). Demographic, medical, psychosocial, and ...

Study assessed the relationship between post-traumatic amnesia (PTA) duration and probability thresholds for Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) levels. GOS is an ordinal scale designed to measure global outcome after traumatic brain injury (TBI)with categories of: Death, Persistent Vegetative State, Severe Disability, Moderate Disability, and Good Recovery. Data were prospectively ...

Article presents the results of a systematic review of behavioral assessment scales for disorders of consciousness (DOC). The study evaluated the extent that each DOC scale: (1) has content that differentiates vegetative state, minimally conscious state (MCS), and emergence from MCS; (2) produces reliable ratings between examiners and over ...

Article summarizes the literature on the available pharmacological treatment options for insomnia and the adverse cognitive effects of those options in people with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Ovid/MEDLINE databases were searched by using the following key words: brain injury, sleep initiation and maintenance disorders, hypnotics and sedatives, benzodiazepines, trazodone, ...

Objective: To examine baseline variables and identify characteristics of participants with extremely high reports of symptoms (ie, outliers) 12 months after mild head injury (MHI). Design: A prospective cohort study of MHI with and without loss of consciousness (LOC) and/or posttraumatic amnesia (PTA) recruited from and interviewed at the emergency ...

Major depression (MD) is the most common psychiatric disorder after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Yet, diagnosing MD is often challenging because of cognitive, emotional, and somatic symptoms that overlap with TBI and other psychiatric disorders. Best current evidence suggests that depressed mood is characterized more by irritability, anger, and ...