TBI Publications

Objective: To examine change in residence following traumatic brain injury (TBI) as a function of pre-injury residential status, demographic factors. and injury-related characteristics. Design: Prospective, observational study. Setting: Inpatient, comprehensive rehabilitation programs for persons with TBI Participants: A total of 7925 patients with moderate or severe TBI receiving acute rehabilitation, and enrolled ...

Objective: To describe the most recent estimates of the incidence and prevalence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and review current issues related to measurement and use of these data. Design: State of the science literature for the United States and abroad was analyzed and issues were identified for (1) ...

Rehabilitation professionals have become increasingly aware that traumatic brain injury has a long-term adverse impact on family members as well as on survivors. Family members often have a critical supporting role in the recovery process, and researchers have identified a relationship between caregiver well-being and survivor outcome. Drawing from the ...

Because of the growing minority population in the past 3 decades in the United States and the increasing numbers of individuals who sustain a traumatic brain injury (TBI), researchers and clinicians have started to pay more attention to the role of race and ethnicity in outcomes after rBI, with ...

The model systems (MSs) of care for traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a demonstration program started by the National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitatioit Research in 1987 to improve care and outcomes for individuals with TBI, from emergency services through life-long follow-up. Over the next 20 years, the program ...

Large numbers of investigations have sought to evaluate prediction of outcome after traumatic brain injury (TBI) and the effectiveness of interventions designed to address post-TBI deficits. Unfortunately, failure to attend to key issues in experimental design regarding outcome assessment has limited the utility of these investigations. Increased attention to ...

Previous research on vocational rehabilitation after traumatic brain injury (TBI) has suggested that coaching and other services provided following job placement are particularly important for successful work re-entry in this population. Methods ofdefining and measuring these services are needed to estimate more precisely their effects on vocational outcomes. In ...

Purpose. To develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of measures of advocacy activity and perceived control specific to those affected by acquired brain injury (ABI). Method. Questionnaires, including initial forms of the Advocacy Activities Scale (AAS) and Perceived Control Scale for brain injury (PCS-BI), Craig Hospital Inventory of Environmental ...

Background: Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity after traumatic brain injury (TBI). There is no consensus regarding appropriate screening, prophylaxis, or treatment during acute rehabilitation. Methods: This prospective observational study evaluated prophylactic anticoagulation during rehabilitation in patients with TBI aged 16 years or ...

Background: Past research shows that post-traumatic amnesia (PTA) duration is a particularly robust traumatic brain injury (TBI) outcome predictor, but low specificity limits its clinical utility. Objectives: The current study assessed the relationship between PTA duration and probability thresholds for Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) levels. Methods: Data were prospectively ...

Objectives: To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Executive Interview (EXIT-25) and to propose modifications that will improve those properties. Design: Rasch analysis of existing datasets contributed by 3 prior projects, all of which examined criterion-related validity of the EXIT-25.Setting: A large, urban, academic free-standing rehabilitation facility. Participants: The ...

Objective: To assess the influence of sex and age on inpatient rehabilitation outcomes in a large national sample of older adults with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Design: Prospective case series. Setting: Eight hundred forty-eight inpatient rehabilitation facilities that subscribe to the Uniform Data System for Medical Rehabilitation. Participants: Patients ...

Objective: To investigate aging with traumatic brain injury (TBI) by determining if long-term outcomes after TBI are predicted by years postinjury and age at injury after controlling for the severity of the injury and sex. Design: Cross-sectional follow-up telephone survey. Setting: Community residents who had received initial treatment in ...

Objective: To investigate the psychometric properties of the Community Integration Measure (CIM), a scale that assesses self-perceived quality of community integration, among persons with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Method: Persons (N 279) with TBI completed the CIM, as well as other measures of community integration and quality of life, ...

The presence of alcohol is clearly a risk factor for sustaining a traumatic brain injury (TBI); however, the impact of alcohol on injury severity, and functional or cognitive outcome is unclear, as there is mixed evidence in the literature. This study examined 482 participants in a large urban medical ...

Study investigated whether cognitive outcome and degree of recovery in civilian penetrating traumatic brain injury (TBI) due to gunshot can be distinguished from that of non-penetrating TBI due to motor vehicle accident. One hundred twenty-two matched survivors of penetrating and non-penetrating TBI were assessed with a brief neuropsychological test ...

Article describes the development and testing of a preliminary model for depression after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Cross-sectional structural equation modeling (SEM) was performed on data from 158 adults admitted to the hospital for moderate to severe TBI. External appraisal of ability in participants was measured by the Mayo-Portland ...