TBI Publications

Study evaluated the incremental utility of neuropsychological tests to computed tomography (CT) in predicting the long-term outcomes of adults with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Participants were 288 adults with mild complicated, moderate, and severe TBI who completed neuropsychological testing during inpatient status in a TBI Model Systems rehabilitation hospital, ...

This article describes and demonstrates the application of individual growth curve (IGC) analysis methods and highlights the benefits and appropriateness of this approach in modeling rehabilitation outcomes. The abundance of time-dependent information contained in the Spinal Cord Injury and the Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems National Databases, and the ...

Article conceptualized traumatic brain injury (TBI) as a chronic health condition termed chronic brain injury (CBI) that can include escalating, deleterious effects on overall health and functioning. Growing evidence indicates that multiple types of brain injury, including TBI, are dynamic conditions that continue to change years after onset. For ...

Article reviews the relevant literature on the risk factors for falls in older adults, summarizing demographic and modifiable risk factors. The major risk factors identified are impaired balance and gait, polypharmacy, and history of previous falls. Other risk factors include advancing age, female gender, visual impairments, cognitive decline especially ...

Study investigated whether a self-reported lifetime history traumatic brain injury (TBI) with loss of consciousness (LOC) is associated with increased risk for subsequent late-life re-injury, dementia, and death. There were 4,225 dementia-free individuals age 65 and older randomly selected and enrolled between 1994 and 2010; 606 (14 percent) participants ...

Study identified appropriate factor structures for the Brief Test of Adult Cognition by Telephone (BTACT) to determine an appropriate method for applying modern psychometric approaches. Telephone cognitive batteries are useful for large-scale screening and epidemiological studies, but their brevity and lack of content depth may cause psychometric limitations that ...

Study identified the characteristics that distinguished elderly patients who died after the first year following traumatic brain injury (TBI) and those who continued to live, in order to get a better understanding of risk factors, and possibly identify preventable risk factors. A retrospective medical chart review was conducted of ...

Article reviews the literature on psychosocial outcomes in older adults with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and identifies factors associated with positive outcomes in this population. A number of factors that impact psychosocial outcomes are discussed, including injury characteristics, individual characteristics, aging and cohort issues, and external environmental factors. There ...

Article introduces a special journal issue focused on the challenges of diagnosing and treating traumatic brain injury in older adults

Study evaluates associations between fresh frozen plasma (FFP) and platelet transfusions with long-term functional outcome and survival in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and moderate hemostatic laboratory abnormalities. Data examined included patient demographics, several initial injury severity metrics, daily laboratory values, Glasgow Outcome Score- Extended (GOSE) scores, Functional ...

The current study aimed to clarify the relationship among the constructs involved in neuropsychological assessment, including cognitive performance, symptom self-report, performance validity, and symptom validity. Participants consisted of 120 consecutively evaluated individuals from a veteran's hospital with mixed referral sources. Measures included the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Fourth Edition Full ...

Ethnically diverse examinees tend to perform lower on neuropsychological tests. The practice of adjusting normative comparisons for the education level and/or race to prevent overpathologizing low scores is problematic. Education quality, as measured by reading recognition, appears to be a more accurate benchmark for premorbid functioning in certain populations. ...

This study examined embedded performance validity indicators (PVI) based on the number of impaired scores in an evaluation and the overall test battery mean (OTBM). Adult participants (N = 175) reporting traumatic brain injury were grouped using eight PVI. Participants who passed all PVI (n = 67) demonstrated fewer impaired scores and higher ...

BACKGROUND: Headache (HA) following traumatic brain injury (TBI) is common, but predictors and time course are not well established, particularly after moderate to severe TBI. METHODS: A prospective, longitudinal cohort study of HA severity post-TBI was conducted on 450 participants at seven participating rehabilitation centers. Generalized linear mixed-effects models ...

Object Coagulopathy and thrombocytopenia are common after traumatic brain injury (TBI), yet transfusion thresholds for mildly to moderately abnormal ranges of international normalized ratio and platelet count remain controversial. This study evaluates associations between fresh frozen plasma (FFP) and platelet transfusions with long-term functional outcome and survival in TBI patients ...

Headache is a common and persistent symptom following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Headaches following TBI are defined primarily by their temporal association to injury, but have no defining clinical features. To provide a framework for treatment, primary headache symptoms were used to characterize headache. Three hundred and seventy-eight participants ...

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of exercise intervention on exercise maintenance, depression, quality of life, and mental health at 6 months for people with traumatic brain injury (TBI) with at least mild depression. DESIGN: Treatment group participants were assessed at baseline, after a 10-week exercise intervention, and 6 months ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of Medicare's inpatient rehabilitation facility (IRF) prospective payment system (PPS) on use of inpatient rehabilitation for individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI). DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study of patients with TBI. SETTING: One hundred twenty-three level I and II trauma centers across the U.S. who ...

OBJECTIVES: To compare individuals' sleep 1 year after traumatic brain injury (TBI) with that of a healthy comparison group, and examine the relationship between sleep, co-occurring conditions, and functional status in those with TBI. DESIGN: Longitudinal assessment of a prospectively studied sample of individuals with moderate to severe TBI. ...

OBJECTIVE: To test whether improved functional status correlates with more depressive symptoms after traumatic brain injury (TBI). This is based on the concept that increasing awareness of deficits may exacerbate depression, even while survivors are making functional improvements. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 471 individuals with TBI (72% white; 71% ...