TBI Publications

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is among the earliest illnesses described in human history and remains a major source of morbidity and mortality in the modern era. It is estimated that 2% of the US population lives with long-term disabilities due to a prior TBI, and incidence and prevalence rates ...

Study examined the course of changes in function and need for assistance in the chronic stages of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and identified factors associated with these changes. Subjects included 478 individuals with TBI who were enrolled in the TBI Model Systems National Database and prospectively followed for at ...

The default mode network (DMN) is a reliably elicited functional neural network with potential clinical implications. Its discriminant and prognostic utility following traumatic axonal injury (TAI) have not been previously investigated. The present study used three approaches to analyze DMN functional connectedness, including a whole-brain analysis [A1], network-specific analysis ...

Study assessed mortality, life expectancy, risk factors, and causes of death among individuals who received inpatient traumatic brain injury (TBI) rehabilitation. Data were analyzed for 8,573 individuals who were injured between 1988 and 2009 and received inpatient rehabilitation at TBI Model Systems sites, with survival status determined as of ...

Study investigated the predictive value of pre-injury factors for satisfaction with life (SWL) at 1-year posttraumatic brain injury (TBI). Data were collected during inpatient rehabilitation and at 1-year post-TBI from 444 community-dwelling individuals, aged 16 to 64 years, who were enrolled in the Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems program ...

Article provides an overview of the Disability Rating Scale (DRS), an 8-item instrument designed to measure changes in recovery in adults with traumatic brain injury, where total scores are meant to reflect a level of disability. Higher scores represent higher disability. The 8 items measured in the DRS are: ...

Study assessed mortality, life expectancy, risk factors, and causes of death by age groups among individuals who received inpatient traumatic brain injury (TBI) rehabilitation. Participants were 8,573 individuals injured between 1988 and 2009, and received inpatient rehabilitation at TBI Model Systems sites, with survival status determined as of December ...

Study developed the Disability Rating Scale-Postacute Interview (DRS-PI), a standardized interview for telephone administration; assessed the psychometric properties of this interview format; and identified additional items to reduce skew. Participants were 287 individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and 119 caregivers enrolled in the TBI Model Systems national database ...

Study examined patterns of change and factors associated with change in both major depressive disorder (MDD) and minor depression between 1 and 2 years after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Participants were 1,089 people enrolled in the TBI Model Systems database, who completed the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 at 1- and ...

Study investigated the incidence and types of sexual difficulties in men and women with traumatic brain injury (TBI) 1 year after injury, as well as their comfort level in discussing problems with health care professionals. Participants were 223 people with TBI (165 men and 58 women) who had been ...

Article presents a 3-part framework for developing and validating prediction models in rehabilitation populations. The authors emphasize the inclusion of target user input in the process of prediction model development and results presentation, and discuss how study design and statistical decisions impact the internal and external validity of prediction ...

Study describes the overall health status and prevalence of medical comorbidities experienced by traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients 1 to 15 years after injury. Data were collected from 258 adults with TBI enrolled in the Southeastern Michigan Traumatic Brain Injury System, a part of the TBI Model Systems project. ...

Study used Rasch analysis to assess the psychometric properties of the Postconcussive Symptom Questionnaire (PCSQ) and to derive a revised PCSQ to target the core construct of subjective symptoms reported by people with traumatic brain injury (TBI). The PCSQ is purported to measure psychological, cognitive, somatic, and infrequency (i.e., ...

Article reviews literature regarding individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) who have vision-related impairments up to one year after injury. Searches of Medline, Ovid, and PubMed were performed using terms including: traumatic brain injury, visual deficits after brain injury, vision and traumatic brain injury, and activities of daily living ...

Study investigated the feasibility and utility of using a computerized brain plasticity-based cognitive training (BPCT) program as an intervention for community-dwelling individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Ten individuals with mild to severe TBI who were 6 months to 22 years postinjury were asked to use a computerized BPCT ...

Study investigated whether a structured aerobic exercise regimen would decrease the severity of depressive symptoms in people with traumatic brain injury (TBI) who reported at least mild depression severity at baseline. Subjects with a history of a prior TBI (6 months to 5 years post-injury) were randomly assigned to ...

This study examined the relationship of performance validity and neuropsychological outcomes in a sample of individuals referred for independent neuropsychological examination in the context of reported traumatic brain injury (82% mild). Archival data were examined on 175 participants aged 20 to 65 who were administered at least two performance ...

Embedded symptom validity measures facilitate the detection of below-capacity performance in neuropsychological assessment. A number of such indicators have been proposed for the Controlled Oral Word Association Test (COWAT), a widely used test of word generation. However, several of these embedded indicators have not been cross-validated and it is ...

Few studies address the course of recovery from prolonged disorders of consciousness (DOC) after severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). This study examined acute and long-term outcomes of persons with DOC admitted to acute inpatient rehabilitation within the National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research (NIDRR) TBI Model Systems Programs ...

OBJECTIVES: To examine the efficacy of a peer-mentoring program for persons with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and their significant others, and to determine the relationship of this mentoring program to 3 main outcomes: (1) emotional well-being; (2) post-TBI quality of life; and (3) community integration. DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial. ...