Traumatic brain injury rehabilitation comparative effectiveness research: Introduction to the traumatic brain injury-practice based evidence Archives supplement

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Article introduces a journal issue devoted to the Traumatic Brain Injury-Practice Based Evidence (TBI-PBE) study, thought to be the first practice-based evidence study of traumatic brain injury (TBI) rehabilitation. The study enrolled individuals with TBI receiving initial inpatient rehabilitation at 9 rehabilitation centers across the United States and 1 in Canada over a 2.5-year time period. Three of the 10 study sites were part of the TBI Model Systems, funded by the National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research. The specific aims of the TBI-PBE project were to: (1) identify individual patient characteristics, including demographic data, severity of brain injury, and severity of illness (complications, comorbidities), that may be associated with significant variation in treatments selected and in outcomes of acute rehabilitation for TBI; (2) identify medical procedures and therapy interventions, alone or in combination, that are associated with better outcomes, controlling for patient characteristics; and (3) determine whether specific treatment interactions with age, severity/impairment, or time are associated with better outcomes.

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