Screening and brief intervention for substance misuse among patients with traumatic brain injury

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A systematic review of the literature was conducted to analyze how traumatic brain injury (TBI) populations were included in previous studies on screening and brief interventions (SBI) for substance misuse and whether there was evidence of differential outcomes. Peer-reviewed studies that investigated SBI for misuse of alcohol or other drugs, that were implemented in emergency departments or trauma centers, and that were published in English since 1985 were examined. From 174 articles initially identified, 28 studies were determined to meet inclusion criteria. The review revealed that research conducted on SBI for injury populations systematically neglected patients with more severe TBI and those who presented with sufficient confusion that they could not provide informed consent. Future effectiveness studies should examine barriers to routine clinical use of SBI and evaluate the generalizability of expected benefits to the full spectrum of injured patients. Researchers should also develop and evaluate systematic accommodations for individuals with neurobehavioral impairments who would benefit from brief interventions for substance misuse.

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