Model System:

TBI

Reference Type:

Journal

Accession No.:

J73552

Journal:


Journal of Neurotrauma

Year, Volume, Issue, Page(s):

, 32, 23, 1883-1892

Publication Website:

Abstract:

Study evaluated long-term mortality, life expectancy, causes of death, and risk factors for death among patients who were unable to follow simple motor commands at the time of admission to inpatient traumatic brain injury (TBI) rehabilitation. Data were obtained from patients treated within the National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research (NIDRR) TBI Model Systems programs. Of the 8,084 individuals enrolled from October 1988 through December 2009, 387 from 20 centers met the study inclusion criteria. Analysis revealed that individuals with moderate-to-severe TBI who received inpatient rehabilitation were 2.2 times more likely to die than individuals in the United States general population of similar age, gender, and race, with an average life expectancy reduction of 6.6 years. The subset of individuals who were unable to follow commands on admission to rehabilitation was 6.9 times more likely to die, with an average life expectancy reduction of 12.2 years. Relative to the general population matched for age, gender, and race/ethnicity, these non-command-following individuals were more than four times more likely to die of circulatory conditions, 44 times more likely to die of pneumonia, and 38 times more likely to die of aspiration pneumonia. The subset of individuals with TBI who are unable to follow commands upon admission to inpatient rehabilitation are at a significantly increased risk of death when compared with the general population and compared with all individuals with moderate to severe TBI receiving inpatient rehabilitation. Respiratory causes of death predominate, compared with the general population.

Author(s):


Greenwald, Brian D., Hammond, Flora M., Harrison-Felix, Cynthia, Nakase-Richardson, Risa, Howe, Laura L. S., Kreider, Scott

Participating Centers: