Measurement of bone: Diagnosis of SCI-induced osteoporosis and fracture risk prediction

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Article reviews the biological and structural changes that are known to occur in bone after spinal cord injury (SCI) in the context of promoting future research to prevent or reduce risk of fracture in this population. The authors also review the most commonly used methods for assessing bone after SCI and discuss the strengths, limitations, and clinical applications of each method. Although dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry assessments of bone mineral density may be used clinically to detect changes in bone after SCI, three-dimensional methods such as quantitative computed tomography analysis are recommended as a primary outcome measure for clinical trials.

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