The effect of obesity on adverse outcomes and metabolism in pediatric burn patients

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HYPOTHESIS: Obesity in?uences metabolism and increases the incidence of clinical complications and worsens outcomes in pediatric burn patients.
DESIGN: Retrospective, single-center study.
SUBJECTS: In all, 592 severely burned pediatric patients who had burns covering more than 30% of the total body surface area and who were treated between 2001 and 2008 were enrolled in this study. Patients were divided into X85th percentile
(n ¼ 277) and normal (n ¼ 315) weight groups based on body mass index (BMI) percentiles.
RESULTS: Patients strati?ed below (normal) and X85th percentile had similar age, gender distribution and total burn size.
No signi?cant differences were detected in the incidence of sepsis (11% for obese vs 10% for normal), the incidence of multiple organ failure (MOF) (21% for obese and 16% for normal) or mortality (11% for obese vs 8% for normal). Compared with the normal group, the X85th percentile group had low levels of constitutive proteins (a2macroglobulin and Apolipoprotein A1) (Po0.05 for both) as well as high levels of triglycerides and the acute-phase protein, C-reactive protein
(Po0.05 for both) up to 60 days after injury. Patients X85th percentile showed a signi?cant higher loss of bone mineral density and lipolysis compared with normal individuals. Stepwise logistic regression analysis revealed that BMI had a positive predictive value towards the maximum DENVER2 score, an index of organ failure (Po0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: BMIX85th percentile altered the post-burn acute phase and catabolic response but did not increase the incidence of sepsis, MOF or mortality in pediatric burn patients. Our results suggest that impaired metabolism and an altered in?ammatory response already exists in patients starting at the 85th percentile BMI.

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