TBI Publications

Study examined sex-based differences in self-reported and close other-reported perceptions of pragmatic communication skills in adults with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Participants included 160 adults with medically documented TBI and 81 adults without TBI who served as a control group. One family member or friend was nominated by each ...

Study examined the incidence, characteristics, and risk factors for sleep apnea among individuals admitted to an acute inpatient brain injury rehabilitation unit. Sleep apnea is a sleep-related breathing disorder characterized by repeated cessation or near cessation of ventilation during sleep and is formally diagnosed using polysomnography. Data were analyzed ...

Article explores a sampling of assistive technologies that hold promise for improving outcomes in three primary environments associated with physical and social contexts in which major changes are occurring for transition-age youth: secondary education, self-management, and employment. These examples are by no means comprehensive, but are meant to illustrate ...

Study examined whether differences in the prevalence of asthma, asthma flare, and asthma-related measures of healthcare quality, utilization, and cost exist among people with physical limitations (PL) and without any limitations. Data from the 2004-2010 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey were pooled to compare outcomes for working-age adults with PL ...

Study implemented an employer-based intervention for high school youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to learn job skills and acquire employment. The intervention modified a program titled Project SEARCH and incorporated the use of applied behavior analysis to develop Project SEARCH plus Autism Spectrum Disorder Supports (PS-ASD). A randomized ...

Study examined whether a history of traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with an earlier age of symptom onset and diagnosis in a large sample of patients with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD). Data on 678 patients with bvFTD were obtained from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center Uniform Data ...

Study used principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis to identify the sets of markers that contribute independently to variability in cerebrospinal (CSF) inflammatory profiles after traumatic brain injury (TBI). PCA was applied to CSF inflammatory marker data collected from 114 adults with severe TBI. Using the results, groups (or ...

This literature review examined specific issues related to sleep disordered breathing (SDB) in spinal cord injury (SCI), including the incidence, prevalence, symptoms, evaluation, treatment, and outcomes. An extensive search of PubMed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL and Web of Science databases was conducted to identify relevant studies. Of the 703 articles ...

Study evaluated relationships between post–traumatic brain injury (TBI) depression (PTD) and potential associated factors, including antidepressant use, on cognitive recovery following severe TBI. One hundred fifty-four survivors of severe TBI, recruited from a level 1 trauma center, were assessed at 6 and 12 months after injury. Measures included the ...

Study evaluated brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) as a biomarker for post-traumatic brain injury (TBI) depressions (PTD), cognitive impairment, and functional cognitive limitations in the first year following severe TBI. One hundred thirteen participants with TBI were evaluated for PTD using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Cognitive impairment using a ...

Study compared the effects of two knowledge translation (KT) strategies on the knowledge and future actions of vocational rehabilitation (VR) counselors when supporting individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Seventy-one participants recruited from a single state VR agency were randomly assigned to one of two groups. Both groups received ...

Study examined the relationship between employment and the management of physical health and functioning as described by individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) who had worked at some time after injury. Six focus groups were conducted at 2 sites and included 44 participants with SCI. Heterogeneous and homogeneous groups ...

Study explored how individual differences affect rehabilitation outcomes by specifically investigating whether working memory capacity (WMC) can be used as a cognitive marker to identify who will and will not improve from memory rehabilitation after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Sixty-five participants with moderate to severe TBI with pre- and ...

Article reviews the use of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) for three participants with traumatic brain injuries (TBI) of different severities. CBT-I is a manualized treatment that effectively treats insomnia with secondary effects on cognition, mood, and pain in various populations. Pre- and post-treatment assessments of insomnia, fatigue, ...

Article describes implementation and evaluation of the Stepping Stones program, a community living management program designed to assist people with disabilities to gain community living skills after moving out of nursing homes. Thirteen people with diverse disabilities participated in the 10-week Stepping Stones program. The participants attended two sessions ...

Study evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R) total scores in detecting conscious awareness. Data were retrospectively extracted from the medical records of 252 patients enrolled in a specialized disorders of consciousness program. Sensitivity and specificity analyses were completed using CRS-R-derived diagnoses of minimally conscious state ...

Study developed and provided initial validation of a measure for accurately determining the need for constant visual observation (CVO) in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) admitted to inpatient rehabilitation. An internally consistent measure of the need for CVO was developed and confirmed using Rasch analysis; the concurrent validity ...

Article describes Project Career, a five-year, federally funded initiative to provide cognitive support technology (CST) training and career preparatory services for undergraduate college students with mild and moderate traumatic brain injuries (TBI). The goal of Project Career is to develop, implement, and test a technology-driven, long-term, and resource-rich individualized ...

Study assessed the effectiveness of group wheelchair skills training to elicit improvements in wheelchair skills for people with spinal cord injury (SCI). Participants were recruited from 4 SCI Model Systems Centers. A total of 114 manual wheelchair users with SCI were randomly assigned to six 90-minute group Wheelchair Skills ...

Study linked the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System® (PROMIS) pediatric and adult measures for emotional distress using data from participants with diverse health conditions and disabilities. Analyses were conducted and compared in two separate samples to confirm the stability of results. One sample included 874 individuals aged 14–20 years ...